Science Q2 Review - Cells

Question 1

The basic and fundamental unit of life.

Answer 1

cell

Question 2

The amount of space inside a cell is called?

Answer 2

volume

Question 3

Refers to the area outside the cell

Answer 3

surface area

Question 4

Who is credited with discovering cells in 1665?

Answer 4

Robert Hooke

He was an English scientist and examined a thin slice of cork.

Question 5

True or False:

Hooke’s discovery marked the beginning of cell biology

Answer 5

True

Question 6

He made a significant contribution to the understanding of cells in 1831.

Answer 6

Robert Brown

A Scottish botanist.

While studying plants under a microscope, he observed a small, dark spot within the cell’s center. This structure was later then named the “nucleus.”

Question 7

True or False:

Brown’s observation of the nucleus in plants were useless.

Answer 7

False

Malamang.

Question 8

(Identification)

While studying plants under his microscope, he observed a dark spot and later named it “nucleus”

Answer 8

Robert Brown

Question 9

He proposed that plant tissues are composed of cells and that cells are the building blocks of life.’

Answer 9

Matthias Jakob Schleiden

Schleiden’s work focused on plants and their cellular composition, and his contributios helped establish a foundational understanding of the role of cells in biological organisms.

Question 10

They contributed to the development of the cell theory.

Answer 10

Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodore Schwann

Question 11

True or False:

The last postulate of the cell theory was made by Rudolf Virchow in 1858.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

He was trying to prove the existence of cell division by hardening the cell membrane.

This discovery was verified by Virchow by observing the role of cells in the presence of diseases.

Answer 12

Robert Remak

Question 13

True or False:

Most of the diseases in organisms come from affected cells.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

True or False:

Eukaryotes are simple, single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Answer 14

False

Prokaryotes kasi

Question 15

These are complex cells that make up plants, animals, fungi, and protists.

Answer 15

Eukaryotes

Question 16

These are simple, single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Answer 16

Prokaryotes

Question 17

Two main domains of Prokaryotes

Answer 17

bacteria and archea

Question 18

True or False:

Eukaryotes are characterized by their more advanced and organized cellular structure.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

True or False:

Prokaryotes are typically 10-100 in diameter.

Answer 19

False

Prokaryotes are typically 1-5 in diameter.

Question 20

True or False:

Prokaryotes are made up of flagellin.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

True or False:

Prokaryotes consist of multiple microtubules made up of tubulin.

Answer 21

False

Eukaryotes yun

Question 22

True or False:

Eukaryotes are typically 10-100 in diameter

Answer 22

True

Question 23

True or False:

Prokaryotes have no carbohydrates and generally lacks of sterols.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

True or False:

Eukaryotes have small ribosomes.

Answer 24

False

Eukaryotes have large ribosomes.

Question 25

Eukaryote’s mode of reproduction

Answer 25

Mitosis (asexual); meiosis (sexual)

Question 26

Prokaryote’s mode of reproduction

Answer 26

binary fission (asexual); conjugation (sexual)

Question 27

It is a membrane-enclosed organelle that contains the cell’s genetic material. It serves as the control center of the cell.

Answer 27

Nucleus

Question 28

A gel-like substance that fills the cell’s interior, excluding the nucleus. It acts as a medium that supports the cell’s structure and facilitates its functions.

Answer 28

Cytoplasm

Question 29

A system of membrane channels and flattened vesicles connected to the nuclear membrane.

Answer 29

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Question 30

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The ER with attached ribosomes

Answer 30

rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

The RER modifies and processes proteins by adding sugars to it to form glycoproteins.

Question 31

The ER without attached ribosomes

Answer 31

smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

The SER is involved in the systesis of lipids.

Question 32

A cellular organelle responsible for packaging, modifying, and distributing molecules, particularly proteins and lipids.

Answer 32

Golgi Apparatus

Question 33

An organelle that functions as the cell’s power plant.

Answer 33

Mitochondrion

“powerhouse of the cell”

Mitochondria are responsicle for producing the energy necessary for the cell to function.

Question 34

Membrane-bound organelle that stores various substances such as water, nutrients, and waste products.

Answer 34

Vacuole

In simple terms, vacuoles act as storage containers within the cell.

Question 35

A specialized organelle found in plant cells and some algae.

Answer 35

Chloroplast