Science Q2 Review - Cells Flashcards
reviewer ko 'to ‼️‼️
The basic and fundamental unit of life.
cell
The amount of space inside a cell is called?
volume
Refers to the area outside the cell
surface area
Who is credited with discovering cells in 1665?
Robert Hooke
He was an English scientist and examined a thin slice of cork.
True or False:
Hooke’s discovery marked the beginning of cell biology
True
He made a significant contribution to the understanding of cells in 1831.
Robert Brown
A Scottish botanist.
While studying plants under a microscope, he observed a small, dark spot within the cell’s center. This structure was later then named the “nucleus.”
True or False:
Brown’s observation of the nucleus in plants were useless.
False
Malamang.
(Identification)
While studying plants under his microscope, he observed a dark spot and later named it “nucleus”
Robert Brown
He proposed that plant tissues are composed of cells and that cells are the building blocks of life.’
Matthias Jakob Schleiden
Schleiden’s work focused on plants and their cellular composition, and his contributios helped establish a foundational understanding of the role of cells in biological organisms.
They contributed to the development of the cell theory.
Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodore Schwann
True or False:
The last postulate of the cell theory was made by Rudolf Virchow in 1858.
True
He was trying to prove the existence of cell division by hardening the cell membrane.
This discovery was verified by Virchow by observing the role of cells in the presence of diseases.
Robert Remak
True or False:
Most of the diseases in organisms come from affected cells.
True
True or False:
Eukaryotes are simple, single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
False
Prokaryotes kasi
These are complex cells that make up plants, animals, fungi, and protists.
Eukaryotes
These are simple, single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
Prokaryotes
Two main domains of Prokaryotes
bacteria and archea
True or False:
Eukaryotes are characterized by their more advanced and organized cellular structure.
True
True or False:
Prokaryotes are typically 10-100 in diameter.
False
Prokaryotes are typically 1-5 in diameter.
True or False:
Prokaryotes are made up of flagellin.
True
True or False:
Prokaryotes consist of multiple microtubules made up of tubulin.
False
Eukaryotes yun
True or False:
Eukaryotes are typically 10-100 in diameter
True
True or False:
Prokaryotes have no carbohydrates and generally lacks of sterols.
True
True or False:
Eukaryotes have small ribosomes.
False
Eukaryotes have large ribosomes.
Eukaryote’s mode of reproduction
Mitosis (asexual); meiosis (sexual)
Prokaryote’s mode of reproduction
binary fission (asexual); conjugation (sexual)
It is a membrane-enclosed organelle that contains the cell’s genetic material. It serves as the control center of the cell.
Nucleus
A gel-like substance that fills the cell’s interior, excluding the nucleus. It acts as a medium that supports the cell’s structure and facilitates its functions.
Cytoplasm
A system of membrane channels and flattened vesicles connected to the nuclear membrane.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
```
The ER with attached ribosomes
rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
The RER modifies and processes proteins by adding sugars to it to form glycoproteins.
The ER without attached ribosomes
smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
The SER is involved in the systesis of lipids.
A cellular organelle responsible for packaging, modifying, and distributing molecules, particularly proteins and lipids.
Golgi Apparatus
An organelle that functions as the cell’s power plant.
Mitochondrion
“powerhouse of the cell”
Mitochondria are responsicle for producing the energy necessary for the cell to function.
Membrane-bound organelle that stores various substances such as water, nutrients, and waste products.
Vacuole
In simple terms, vacuoles act as storage containers within the cell.
A specialized organelle found in plant cells and some algae.
Chloroplast
