science: physics

Question 1

potential energy

Answer 1

energy stored in an object relative to another thing

Question 2

static electricity

Answer 2

a build up on unbalanced charge in one area. stationary energy, more electrons than protons on one side.

Question 3

electrical potential energy

Answer 3

determined by the relative difference in strength of positive and negative charge. also dependant of the distance of the charges. harder to seperate 2 opposing changes means there’s more potential energy

Question 4

electricity

Answer 4

the flow of charge. movement of electrons, seperate electrons from protons
kinetic energy is the movement of electrons

Question 5

current

Answer 5

measured in amps
number of electrons flowing through a circuit at a certain point per second. the current remains constant as it flows thought a load.

Question 6

voltage

Answer 6

measured in volts.
another word for potential difference, which is produced by the battery. the power that each electron carries as it travels through the circuit.
a measure of power

Question 7

ammeter

Answer 7

placed in series to the lightbulb in the circuit

Question 8

voltmeter

Answer 8

placed in 2 different parts of the circuit, mainly around a load, parallel to the lightbulb

Question 9

magnetism

Answer 9

force exerted by magnets when the attract of repel each other. a field that extends into space.

Question 10

solenoid

Answer 10

coils of wire wrapped around a support which turns electrical to mechanical energy

Question 11

conductors

Answer 11

needs for there to be electrons available to move
delocalised electrons

Question 12

insulators

Answer 12

don’t have free moving electrons. they provide protection so currents don’t jump from place to place. they make the flow of energy more efficient

Question 13

resistance

Answer 13

measure in ohms. the friction encountered by an electron as it moved through a circuit. when resistance is high, electrons move slower

Question 14

how to find current in series

Answer 14

voltage / total resistance

Question 15

how to find voltage drop in series

Answer 15

voltage x ohms

Question 16

how to find current in parallel circuit

Answer 16

divide volts by 10. each side of loads are the same but the battery is the left over from the addition of the other currents

Question 17

overall resistance in parallel circuit

Answer 17

1/resistor 1 + 1/resistor 2 …

Question 18

total voltage in parallel

Answer 18

same value across each branch

Question 19

current on the ends of battery in parallel

Answer 19

double the amount before and after each resistor
eg. if resistor is 0.6A, then battery will be 1.2A

Question 20

short circuit

Answer 20

only battery and conductor. it gains energy but don’t have anywhere to lose it