Science Mrs Russel Flashcards
What is the difference between a gene and a chromosome?
genes are contained in the chromosomes which are in the nucleus
How would you describe the structure of DNA and where is it found?
a double stranded helix, in the nucleus
How many chromosomes do humans have in a normal body cell?
46, 23 pairs
What is a zygote?
a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum.
Define phenotype and genotype.
A genotype refers to the genetic characteristics of an organism. A phenotype refers to the physical characteristics. For example, having blue eyes
Give an example of how genetic modification can be beneficial.
increased crop yields, reduced costs for food or drug production, reduced need for pesticides, enhanced nutrient composition and food quality, resistance to pests and disease, greater food security, and medical benefits to the world’s growing population.
Give two reasons why some people may be against genetic modification.
is against the natural or supernatural order. Genetic engineering is dehumanizing because it will create nonhuman, alienated creatures.
What is an allele?
each of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
What is an ecosystem? Give examples.
it is a habitat where organisms live. eg: rainforest, coral reef, desert.
What is biodiversity? Why is it important to maintain biodiversity on earth?
biodiversity is an animal life in a particular habitat. so animals don’t go extinct
What is Darwin’s theory of evolution?
stating that all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual’s ability to compete, survive, and reproduce.
Name three ways we can conserve endangered species.
Recycle and buy sustainable products
Reduce your water consumption
Reduce your personal footprint
Do not buy plastic products
