Science Module 1 Scientific Method Flashcards
What is an inference?
An Inference is a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning.
What is the difference between an observation and an inference
While an observation is information you gather from your senses, an inference is an explanation for an observation you make.
What is a casual question?
Casual questions use cause and effect designed to determine whether one or more variables causes or affects one or more outcome variables. (usually uses “how” or “why”)
What is a descriptive question?
Descriptive research questions simply aim to describe the variables you are measuring.
What is the difference between the independent and dependent variable?
An independent variable is one that is manipulated by the researcher. A dependent variable is one that is being tested in a research experiment
How should a prediction be structured?
If-And-Then statement EXAMPLE: IF the amount of salt in the water affects how fast the water boils AND I change the amount of salt (concentration) in 5 pots of water THEN the pot with the most salt will boil the fastest.
What is a control?
a control is an element that remains unchanged or unaffected by other variables (independent variable)
What is a hypothesis?
a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.
T/F you should only perform an experiment ONCE
False: You need to perform at least 3-4 trials and average out the information, making sure it is accurate
T/F you need to list all of your materials and measurements
True: You need to be able to perform an experiment multiple times, therefore you need exact measurements
Why are graphs helpful in science?
Graphs are helpful because they present data that are too numerous or complicated to be described adequately in the text and in less space.
How many types of visual displays are commonly used in science? Name them.
There are 4; Histogram, line graph, bar graph, and pie chart
When should you use a histogram?
You should use a histogram when looking for range
When should you use a line graph?
You should use a line graph when looking for change over time or a pattern
When should you use a bar graph?
You should use a bar graph when looking for a comparison or end result
