Science MIH revision Flashcards
Study for test
What is another name for living things?
Organisms
Give 3 examples of Fungi.
Yeasts, moulds and mushrooms
What is the term for characteristics that allow an organism to be successful in a particular environment?
Adaptations
Explain ‘M’ in MRS GREN
Movement
Explain ‘R’ in MRS GREN
Respiration
Explain ‘S’ in MRS GREN
Sensitivity
Explain ‘G’ in MRS GREN
Growth
Explain ‘R’ in MRS GREN
Reproduction
Explain ‘E’ in MRS GREN
Excretion
Explain ‘N’ in MRS GREN
Nutrition
What is Ecology?
The study of organisms and how they interact with the environment around them
What is the source of energy in a food chain?
The sun
Arrange the following organisms in a food chain with arrows:
grasshopper, frog, grass, eagle
Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Eagle
What are the different types of producers (on land and in the sea)?
Land - Plants
Oceans - Phytoplankton
What do the producers do in the presence of sunlight?
Make food by photosynthesis
What is a structural adaptation?
Physical features of an organism that enable them to survive in their environment - eg; a giraffe’s long neck.
What is a behavioural adaptation?
Something an animal does usually in response to survive - eg; hibernating in winter.
What is a physiological adaptation?
Something an organism internally produces to protect themselves - eg; snake’s venom.
What is the difference between biotic and abiotic factors?
Biotic factors - living things within an ecosystem
Abiotic factors - non-living components
Give examples of biotic and abiotic factors.
Biotic - Plants, animals, and bacteria
Abiotic - Water, soil and atmosphere
What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?
A food chain outlines which organism eats the other. A food web is all of the food chains in an ecosystem.
What is a producer’s trophic level?
1st trophic level
What is a primary consumer’s trophic level?
2nd trophic level
What is a secondary consumer’s trophic level?
3rd trophic level
What is an apex predator’s trophic level?
4th trophic level
Consider this food chain: grass → insect → frog → fox.
What would happen if all insects got a disease and eventually perished?
The frogs would run out of food and then eat each other, decreasing the population.
What does an arrow (→) represent?
The transfer of energy between organisms.
What is an omnivore?
An organism that eats all things – meat and plants.
What is a carnivore?
An organism that eats only meat
What is a herbivore?
An organism that eats only plants.
Wildfires are a natural part of many ecosystems. The Banksia is a native Australian plant
germinating (spreading seedlings) after a fire. What is this adaptation?
Structural
Explain why producers (e.g. plants) are first in the food chain.
Plants can make their food by photosynthesis.
True or false: Adaptations involve organisms actively changing their characteristics.
False
Consider this food chain:
(Grass → cow → lion). Name the producer, herbivore and carnivore.
Producer - Grass
Herbivore - Cow
Carnivore - Lion
What is cool burning?
Managing the overgrowth in the bush by sustainable methods.
What do Indigenous Australians use fire for?
Hunt animals, maintain ecosystems and manage the land.
