Science Midterm Chapter 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which Greek philosopher was noted for challenging the popular idea of matter, but was ignored for nearly 2,000 years?

A

Democritus

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2
Q

Which scientist revisited the idea of empty space making up much of matter and rejected the idea of earth, water, air, and fire?

A

Dalton

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3
Q

Atoms are very small; so small that you could easily fit up to ____________ carbon atoms on the period of this sentence.

A

7.5 trillion

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4
Q

Which scientist first proposed that atoms contain electrons which have a negative charge?

A

Thomson

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5
Q

Which scientist is noted for the discovery of the nucleus of the atom?

A

Rutherford

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6
Q

Which scientist proposed that electrons move in circular orbits around the nucleus?

A

Bohr

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7
Q

Which atomic model added the idea of the electron cloud?

A

Modern Model

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8
Q

Just as atoms are made of smaller parts, protons & neutrons are also made of smaller parts called ______.

A

quarks

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9
Q

If you know the number of protons you will also be able to determine the number of ______.

A

electrons

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10
Q

The number of protons in an atom determine that element’s ______.

A

atomic number

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11
Q

Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called _____.

A

isotopes

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12
Q

Carbon has 6 protons, and the isotope C-13 must have how many neutrons?

A

7

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13
Q

Why is the atomic mass number of most elements always written as a decimal number?

A

it is an average

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14
Q

Becquerel, Pierre and Marie Curie are noted for the accidental discovery of _____.

A

radioactivity

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15
Q

What type of ray does not contain particles, but they do contain a lot of energy?

A

gamma

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16
Q

Made of two protons and two neutrons

A

Alpha particle

17
Q

made of high energy electrons

A

Beta particle

18
Q

If Uranium-238 experiences alpha decay, it will become Thorium-______.

A

234

19
Q

If the imaginary element “m&m-ium” has a half-life of 10 seconds, and you start with 24 grams, how many grams will you have after 30 seconds of decay?

A

3g

20
Q

Nitrogen (N) contains 99.63% N-14 and 0.37% N-15. What is the average atomic mass of nitrogen?

A

14.0037

21
Q

What scientist discovered the neutron?

A

Chadwick