Science Midterm

Question 1

Which other kinds of organisms are composed of cells?

Answer 1

All organisms

Question 2

True or False; cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

True or False; a single cell has the same needs as an entire organism.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Which functions must all cells perform to survive?

Answer 4

Obtain energy, Bring in nutrients and water, Get rid of waste

Question 5

Robert Hooke

Answer 5

Studied bark and fossils with microscopes and coins the term “cells”

Question 6

Anton von Leeuenhoek

Answer 6

Observes living microorganisms under the microscope

Question 7

Theodore Schwann

Answer 7

Reaches the conclusion that all animals are made of cells

Question 8

Matthias Schleiden

Answer 8

Concludes that all plants are made of cells

Question 9

Robert Virchow

Answer 9

Proposes that cells are only made from other cells

Question 10

Even without knowing anything else about an organism, what can you reasonably conclude about them?

Answer 10

It obtains energy, brings in nutrients and water, gets rid of waste

Question 11

What is wrong with this reasoning: “If we had an electron microscope, we could see all of the cells inside these cells, and even the cells inside those smaller cells!

Answer 11

Cells are the basic unit of life, and they do not have more cells inside them.

Question 12

What would happen if you move a microscope to 4x to 10x?

Answer 12

magnification and resolution will improve

Question 13

Name the instrument that made the discovery of cell theory possible.

Answer 13

microscope

Question 14

List the 3 principles of cell theory:

Answer 14

All living things are made of cells.
All living things are made of cells.
All living things are made of cells.

Question 15

(Electron / Light) microscopes focus light through lenses to produce a magnified image and (electron / light) microscopes use beams of electrons to scan the surface of a specimen.

Answer 15

Light; electron

Question 16

Microscopes with greater ___________ show greater detail.

Answer 16

resolution

Question 17

True or False; an organism can be as small as one cell or trillions.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Are you unicellular or multicellular?

Answer 18

Multicellular

Question 19

Are bacteria unicellular or multicellular?

Answer 19

unicellular

Question 20

To create an image, electron microscopes…

Answer 20

use beams of electrons that scan the surface of a specimen

Question 21

What type of cells did Robert Hooke first see?

Answer 21

dead tree bark

Question 22

Why do cells look different from each other?

Answer 22

Different cells specialize in different functions.

Question 23

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell.

Answer 23

organelle

Question 24

The _______________ is the rigid supporting layer that surrounds the cell of plants and some other organisms.

Answer 24

cell wall

Question 25

A thin, flexible barrier that surrounds a cell and controls which substances pass into and out of a cell.

Answer 25

cell membrane

Question 26

True or False; only animal cells have a cell membrane.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

The inside of a cell consists of a clear, gel-like fluid called _______________ that fills the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus.

Answer 27

cytoplasm

Question 28

Name the large oval organelle that contains the cell’s genetic material in the form of DNA and controls many of the cell’s activities.

Answer 28

nucleus

Question 29

Converts energy stored in food to energy the cell can use to live and function.

Answer 29

mitochondria