Science Finals Sem1

Question 1

_____ is a type of protein that speeds up a reaction

Answer 1

enzyme

Question 2

the shape of an enzyme is directly related to its

Answer 2

function

Question 3

what molecules contain carbon (organic compounds)

Answer 3

cellulose, amino acids, lipids

Question 4

the sugar in DNA is _______, but in RNA it is ______

Answer 4

Deoxyribose, Ribose

Question 5

what are the three parts of a nucleotide?

Answer 5

Deoxyribose (sugar), phosphate group, nitrogen base

Question 6

chromosomes are divided into sections called ______ that code for a particular protein that becomes a particular ______

Answer 6

Genes, Trait

Question 7

DNA copies itself by using helicase to separate the weak _______ bonds

Answer 7

Hydrogen

Question 8

put the following in order:
___proteins ____DNA ___RNA

Answer 8

3, 1, 2,

Question 9

put the following in order
_____DNA sequence ____Amino acid sequence ____Protein shape ___Protein function ____Trait or characteristic

Answer 9

1 2 3 4 5

Question 10

_____ makes proteins

Answer 10

Ribosomes

Question 11

then they go to the _______ which bends them into shape

Answer 11

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 12

finally to the ______ ______ which packages them for shipment

Answer 12

Golgi apparatus

Question 13

proteins are controlled by certain ______ in the ______

Answer 13

genes, dna

Question 14

HHH syndrome is a recessive autosomal genetic disorder that results in the excessive buildup of ammonia in the blood stream. It is caused by a defective enzyme. This was most likely caused by a change in the _______ sequence which resulted in an enzyme with the wrong _______ and it can’t complete its __________.

Answer 14

DNA protein function

Question 15

human insulin is difficult to produce without harvesting the pancreas from bodies. Scientists have transferred a human insulin gene into bacteria. This can be done easily as long as the nitrogen bases line up
The bacteria is now producing the _______ protein due to the transfer of the _______.

Answer 15

Insulin Insulin Gene

Question 16

name the process in which genetic material is exchanged between chromatids during meiosis

Answer 16

crossing over

Question 17

why is meiosis important?

Answer 17

it changes the chromosome number from DIPLOID to HAPLOID. it also INCREASES the variations in the offspring

Question 18

2 reasons why cells undergo mitosis?

Answer 18

growth and repair of damaged tissues

Question 19

mutations found in _______ cells cannot be transferred to offspring. whereas mutations found in _______ can be transferred to the child

Answer 19

Somatic, Gametes

Question 20

four examples of environmental factors that can cause mutations

Answer 20

Radiation, chemicals, asbestos, cigarette smoke, virus

Question 21

5 examples of genetic changes that can cause mutations.

Answer 21

insertion, deletion, substitution, translocation, nondisjunction

Question 22

any mutation leading to a genetic disorder is due to a change in the sequence of _________

Answer 22

DNA