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7th Grade Science > Science Final Exam - trimester 1 > Flashcards

Science Final Exam - trimester 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

characteristics of all living things

A
  • organized
  • grow and develop
  • reproduce
  • respond
  • maintain internal conditions
  • use energy
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2
Q

a thing with all the characteristics of life

A

organism

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3
Q

all living things are made up of at least one ___

A

cell

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4
Q

the smallest unit of life

A

cell

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5
Q

an organism made of only one cell is

A

unicellular

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6
Q

an organism made of many cells is

A

multicellular

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7
Q

changes that occur in an organism during its lifetime

A

development

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8
Q

the process by which one organism makes one or more new organisms

A

reproduction

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9
Q

a change in the environment that prompts a response

A

stimulus

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10
Q

hunger and thirst are __ stimuli

A

internal

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11
Q

light and temperature are __ stimuli

A

external

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12
Q

ability to maintain steady internal conditions

A

homeostasis

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13
Q

three ways that cells use energy

A
  • transport substances
  • make new cells
  • perform chemical reactions
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14
Q

the energy organisms use originally came from the

A

sun

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15
Q

three things all plant cells have

A
  • cell wall
  • chloroplasts
  • central vacuole
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16
Q

stiff structure outside a plant cell membrane

A

cell wall

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17
Q

organelle where photosynthesis takes place

A

chloroplast

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18
Q

organelle where food, water and waste are stored

A

central vacuole

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19
Q

flexible barrier outside all cells

A

cell membrane

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20
Q

short, hairlike structures that help a cell move

A

cilia

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21
Q

fluid that fills the cell

A

cytoplasm

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22
Q

gives framework to a cell and helps it move

A

cytoskeleton

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23
Q

organelle that contains DNA and controls the cell

A

nucleus

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24
Q

where proteins are made

A

ribosome

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25
Q

organelle that removes harmful substances

A

smooth ER

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26
Q

organelle that releases energy

A

mitochondrion

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27
Q

organelle that prepares proteins for their jobs

A

Golgi apparatus

28
Q

organelle that carries substances around the cell

A

vesicles

29
Q

organelle that breaks down and recycles cell parts

A

lysosomes

30
Q

movement of substances from an area of high concentration to lower concentration

A

diffusion

31
Q

transport proteins that carry large molecules across the membrane

A

carrier proteins

32
Q

when the concentration of a substance is the same in two areas

A

equilibrium

33
Q

when a cell takes in a substance by surrounding it with its membrane

A

endocytosis

34
Q

diffusion of water

A

osmosis

35
Q

when molecules pass through a cell membrane through proteins

A

facilitated diffusion

36
Q

transport proteins that form pores through a cell membrane

A

channel proteins

37
Q

movement of substances through a cell membrane using energy

A

active transport

38
Q

proteins that help move molecules through a membrane

A

transport protein

39
Q

when a cell’s vesicles release their contents outside the cell

A

exocytosis

40
Q

a cell membrane is __ because it only allows certain substances to cross

A

semipermeable

41
Q

movement of substances across a membrane without using any energy

A

passive transport

42
Q

cellular respiration converts __ to __

A

sugar energy to ATP

43
Q

organelle where cellular respiration takes place

A

cytoplasm and mitochondria

44
Q

during glycolysis, __ gets broken down

A

glucose

45
Q

three things produced during the second step of respiration

A

water, carbon dioxide, water

46
Q

what do plant cells use to produce glucose and oxygen

A

carbon dioxide and water

47
Q

what is reflected by a plant to make it look green

A

green light :)

48
Q

when an animal eats a plant, it takes in

A

food energy in the form of glucose

49
Q

what molecules are involved in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration

A

oxygen, glucose, carbon dioxide, water

50
Q

two main phases of the cell cycle

A

interphase and mitotic

51
Q

phase of the cell cycle when chromatin is duplicated

A

interphase (specifically, the S phase)

52
Q

phase of the cell cycle when mitosis and cytokinesis occur

A

mitotic phase

53
Q

during mitosis, the __ divides

A

nucleus

54
Q

during cytokinesis, the __ divides

A

cytoplasm

55
Q

in a chromosome there are __

A

two sister chromatids

56
Q

at the end of the cell cycle, __ new daughter cells are produced and they are __ to each other

A

2, identical

57
Q

a __ organism reproduces using the cell cycle

A

unicellular

58
Q

why does a multicellular organism use the cell cycle?

A
  • growth
  • development
  • repair damaged cells
59
Q

what are the three stages of interphase?

A

G1, S, G2

60
Q

what are the two stages of mitotic phase?

A

mitosis and cytokinesis

61
Q

what happens during the G1 phase?

A

growth and development

62
Q

what happens during the S phase?

A

DNA synthesis (copying)

63
Q

what happens during the G2 phase?

A

cells get ready for mitosis

64
Q

DNA in G1 is called

A

chromatin

65
Q

after DNA is duplicated, it looks like an __ shape and is called a __

A

X shape, chromosome

7th Grade Science (6 decks)

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