Science exam Flashcards
Speed depends on how far something travels and
⦁ how steep is its route
⦁ which direction it travels.
⦁ how much time it takes to travel the distance
⦁ Total force of the object
how much time it takes to travel the distance
The boys in the figure below are about to kick the soccer ball in opposite directions. What will be the net force on the ball? In which direction will the ball move? cK-12 Foundation CC BY-NC 3.0 ⦁ 125 N left ⦁ 50 N left ⦁ 200 N left ⦁ 25 N left
⦁ 50 N left
Xander has a skateboard that he rides at Newton’s Skate Park. That’s him doing a jump in the figure ⦁ below. The combined mass of Xander and his skateboard is 60 kg. At the top of his jump, the net force acting on him is 30 Newtons. What is his acceleration at that moment? shutterstock.com ⦁ 0.5 m/s2 ⦁ 2 m/s2 ⦁ 30 m/s2 ⦁ 1800 m/s2
0.5 m/s2
How is Newton’s Cradle an example of Newton’s 3rd Law?
Pixabay
⦁ It demonstrates inertia
⦁ It shows how an object stays in motion until friction slows it down
⦁ Newton designed it to show how deceleration occurs if force and mass remain unchanged
⦁ The force of impact (action) is passed through to next ball (reaction) until the end
The force of impact (action) is passed through to next ball (reaction) until the end
⦁ Which forces are acting on a person standing on a subway train that is cruising at a constant velocity? (choose 2)
⦁ Earth’s downward gravitational force
⦁ A horizontal force pushing the person towards the back wall
⦁ The floor’s upward force
⦁ Frictional force of the steel on the rails
Earth’s downward gravitational force, The floor’s upward force
Your parents bought a new car last week. While riding in the car, it stopped suddenly. What happens to you? (choose 3) ⦁ Brakes stop the car but not you ⦁ Inertia keeps moving the body forward ⦁ Nothing-you stop just like the car ⦁ Your body hits the seatbelt ⦁ Friction slowed down your movement
Brakes stop the car but not you
Inertia keeps moving the body forward
Your body hits the seatbelt
The SI unit for distance is the
⦁ Mile c kilogram
⦁ Meter d. centiliter
Meter
What sports does Coach Bates coach? (choose 3)
⦁ Softball B. Soccer C. Track D. Basketball E. cross country
Track, cross country
What is the average speed of a boat that travels 57 kilometers in 3 hours? ⦁ 171 km/h ⦁ 60 km/h ⦁ 54 km/h ⦁ 19 km/h
19 km/h
How far will the boat in question 9 travel if it maintains this speed for 5 hours? ⦁ 89 km ⦁ 95 km ⦁ 114 km ⦁ 117 km
95 km
If you use an arrow to represent velocity, what does the head of the arrow show?
⦁ speed
⦁ distance
⦁ direction
direction
What does Δv/Δt represent?
⦁ speed
⦁ velocity
⦁ acceleration
acceleration
Which of the following is the best definition of deceleration? ⦁ zero acceleration ⦁ constant acceleration ⦁ changing acceleration ⦁ negative acceleration
negative acceleration
Acceleration always involves a change in ⦁ speed. ⦁ velocity. ⦁ direction. ⦁ all of the above
all of the above
Very short distances should be measured in a. km b. cm
cm
What is a push or a pull? A. motion b. gravity c. force d. speed
Force
Liquids should be measured in a ___ and in ___ units.
⦁ Beaker, mm b. cups, grams c. graduated cylinder, mL
c. graduated cylinder, mL
What is the net force acting on the object pictured below? ⦁ 7 N to the right ⦁ 7 N to the left ⦁ 2 N to the right ⦁ 3 N to the left
3 N to the left
If two forces act on an object in the same direction
⦁ the net force is greater than either of the two forces.
⦁ the net force equals the sum of the two forces.
⦁ the two forces are always balanced.
the net force equals the sum of the two forces.
The force of gravity acting on an object is measured by ______
⦁ weight b. mass c. volume
weight
Examples of forces include friction, gravity, and velocity.
⦁ True b. false
false
Equal but opposite forces pushing on the same object produce a net force of __ on the object.
⦁ 0 b. 1 c. 5
0
An independent variable is the variable that
⦁ never changes
⦁ I change
⦁ Is changed by the experiment
I change
Force can cause a moving object to stop moving. A. True B. False
true
Ms. Dowd and Coach Bates were laughing at Mrs. Christianson’s joke. Coach Bates’ laugh was much louder due to ⦁ Increased diffraction ⦁ Increased frequency ⦁ Increased amplitude ⦁ Increased wavelength ⦁ A bigger mouth
Increased amplitude
Why does engine oil help prevent an engine from overheating?
⦁ It causes chemical reactions that absorb energy.
⦁ It reduces friction between moving parts.
⦁ It has a higher melting point than metal.
⦁ It makes the engine run more slowly.
It reduces friction between moving parts.
What is always required to overcome inertia?
⦁ force of friction
⦁ force of gravity
⦁ unbalanced force
unbalanced force
An object at rest will stay at rest as long as the net force acting on it is ⦁ positive. ⦁ strong. ⦁ stable. ⦁ zeor
zero
Inertia causes a moving object to ⦁ keep moving. ⦁ stop moving. ⦁ slow down. ⦁ speed up.
keep moving.
If you know an object’s mass, you also know its weight because mass and weight measure the same thing.
⦁ True b. false
b. false
Newton’s ___ law of motion describes how forces act in pairs (action-reaction)
⦁ 1st b. 2nd c. 3rd
c. 3rd
Two examples of non-contact forces are
⦁ Gravity and magnets c, drag and electric
⦁ Spring and friction d. applied and gravitational
Gravity and magnets
What is the SI unit for volume of a liquid?
⦁ centimeter b. gram c. milliliter d. ounce
. milliliter
The SI unit for measuring mass is
⦁ gram b. pound c. flask d. liter
gram
Ms. Petric coaches which sport?
⦁ Track B. Basketball cheer c. Softball
B. Basketball cheer
Two examples of contact forces are
⦁ Spring and drag
⦁ Gravitational and friction
⦁ Applied and electric
Spring and drag
Name the piece of lab equipment used to measure the volume of liquids. ⦁ Cup ⦁ Triple beam balance ⦁ Erlenmeyer flask ⦁ Graduated cylinder
Graduated cylinder
A person uses 20 newtons to push a 40 kg lawn mower. Find the acceleration (m/s2 )
0.5m/s^2
The dependent variable is the variable that
⦁ Never changes
⦁ I change
⦁ My teacher changes
⦁ Is controlled by the independent variable
Is controlled by the independent variable
Two objects are separated by a distance. What will cause the greatest increase in the gravitational attraction between them?
a. Increase the distance and decrease the mass of both objects by 40 kg.
b. Increase the distance and decrease the mass of one of the objects by 40 kg.
c. Decrease the distance and increase the mass of both objects by 40 kg.
d. Decrease the distance and increase the mass of one of the objects by 40 kg.
Decrease the distance and increase the mass of one of the objects by 40 kg.
Sound waves are caused by an object
a. sinking. c. being still.
b. vibrating. d. heating up.
vibrating
Astronauts can communicate with planet Earth while in space because of
a. light waves b. gravity c. radio waves D. the internet.
. radio waves
What is the meniscus?
⦁ When a balance is zeroed before finding the mass
⦁ A coil of wire acting as a magnet
⦁ The bottom curve of liquid where it’s measured
The bottom curve of liquid where it’s measured
54.07 mm = _______________ cm
5.407cm
9.2 kL = __________________ L
9,200
A train slows down as it pulls into the station. Is it accelerating? yes, B. no
Yes
A tractor is moving hay bales. Bale A has a mass of 50kg and Bale B has a mass of 75kg. Which of the following is true?
⦁ The same amount of force will be needed to move the bales of hay.
⦁ Less force will be needed to move Bale B since mass and force are inverses.
⦁ More force will be needed to move Bale B since mass and force are proportional.
More force will be needed to move Bale B since mass and force are proportional.
A flying hawk will experience __ force.
⦁ drag b. frictional c. magnetic d. sliding
drag
All spectrometers measure….. ⦁ The magnetic fields of all planets ⦁ Wavelength of light spectra ⦁ Surface area of planets ⦁ Orbital velocities of satellites
Wavelength of light spectra
The force of gravity on Earth is approximately _______ m/s2
9.807
Which waves move across the surface? a. P b. S c. L
c. L
Which waves stop at Earth’s core? a. P b. S c. L
b. S
Which waves are the most destructive? a. P b. S c. L
c. L
This wave moves perpendicular to the wave direction. a. P b. S c. L
b. S
Which waves can move through solids, liquids and gases? a. P b. S c. L
a. P
When two waves interact creating a smaller amplitude it’s called
⦁ Destructive interference
⦁ Catastrophic conflict
⦁ Constructive interference
Destructive interference
Bats can hear at a frequency above _Hz a. 20,000 b. 60,000 c. 90,000 d 120,000
c. 90,000 d 120,000
Angle at which a wave strikes the surface (angle in)
⦁ Angle of incidence b. angle of reflection c. angle of refraction
Angle of incidence
What causes earthquakes?
⦁ Seismic waves b. collapsing waves c. electromagnetic waves
Seismic waves
A sound wave is a. transverse b. longitudinal
a. transverse
Which travels faster? a. sound waves b. water waves c. light waves
c. light waves
What causes a wine glass to shatter? ______________________________________
frecency +pitch
Bending a wave around an object a. refraction b. diffraction c. reflection
b. diffraction
When a wave moves from one medium to another and speed changes
⦁ Refraction b. diffraction c. reflection
Refraction
Greater __ leads to greater sound. a. frequency b. reflection c. amplitude
amplitude
Which wave type has compressions and rarefactions? a. transverse b. longitudinal
longitudinal
Why can you NOT hear sounds in space? _____________________________________
No matter for it to travel through
We can see visible light. Those different wavelengths appear as _____________
color
Electromagnets are made of magnets and __
⦁ Coils b. batteries c. current passing thru a coil d. iron core
c. current passing thru a coil
In a hydroelectric power plant, write the steps in order ( 7 steps)
dam, reservoir, intake penstock, turbine, generator, transformer, power lines
What is the first step to produce electricity in a Hydroelectric power plant? ⦁ Water flows to the river ⦁ Generators are turned by water ⦁ Turbines spin Reservoir release water to the intake
Reservoir release water to the intake
Where are the electromagnets used in hydroelectric plants?
⦁ turbines b. penstock c. transformers d. intake valves
turbines
This moves through water waves. a. water b enrgy c. buoy
enery
Tsunamis can be caused by
⦁ Volcanoes, landslides, earthquakes
⦁ Hurricanes, meteors, falling icebergs
⦁ Icebergs, earthquakes, volcanoes
Volcanoes, landslides, earthquakes
A big ship can feel a rogue wave but not a tsunami. a. true b. false
false
Rogue waves have _ wavelengths that make them steeper. a. short b. long
short
A wavelength is __ to __.
⦁ Crest – trough b. trough – compression c. crest – crest
c. crest – crest
The Law of __ states “angle in = angle out”
⦁ Reflection b. refraction c. diffraction
Reflection
Echoes bounce off __ surfaces
⦁ Smooth b. rough c. soft d. textured
Smooth
Human hearing can go up to _Hz? a. 120,000 b. 80,000 c. 10,000 d. 20,000
d. 20,000
Actress and inventor, Hedy Lamarr, advanced communications technology in1940’s leading to the development of
⦁ WiFi, GPS, Bluetooth
⦁ Microwaves, movies
⦁ Radio, credit card scanners
WiFi, GPS, Bluetooth
What color is the reflection of all light? A. brown b. black c. white d. blue
c. white
What color is the absorption of all light? A. brown b. black c. white d. blue
b. black
Higher frequency has ⦁ Longer wavelength, higher energy ⦁ Longer wavelength, lower energy ⦁ Shorter wavelength, higher energy ⦁ Shorter wavelength, lower energy
Shorter wavelength, higher energy
List the EMS waves in order from highest to lowest frequency.
RADIO, MICROWAVE, INFERAD, VISIBLE, UV,X-RAY,GAMMA
Which EMS wave can circle the globe? _____________
radio
Which EMS can kill germs? ______________
UV
Which EMS is used in night goggles and thermal imaging? _____________
INferd
Which EMS is given off when a Supernova explodes? ________________
gamma
Which EMS is used in cell phones and radar? _________________
microwaves
Which EMS is used to take pictures of bones and emitted by electrons? _______________
x-ray
Which EMS can give you a sunburn? ____________________
UV
Which EMS is from radioactive decay and emits from the nucleus? __________________
gamma
Which EMS can cause substances to glow and can be seen by some insects/birds? _____
UV
Hedy Lamarr’s ingenious technology development of the 40’s was called ⦁ Frequency hopping ⦁ Amplitude adjustment ⦁ Sound skipping ⦁ Resonance rebounding
Frequency hopping
Every object in the universe attracts every other object. True or False
False
Distances across the universe are measured in __________________________
light years
When you go to Mt. Everest, the force on you When you go to Mt. Everest, the force on you a. decreases b. increases b. increases
a. decreases
On Earth, most observatories and telescopes are located ____________________ because _______________________________________________________________
mountains, blocks other radio waves
The Very Large Array in New Mexico consists of 27 telescopes. What type of telescopes that are connected and function as one. ⦁ reflecting ⦁ radio ⦁ refracting ⦁ optical
optical
After the sun, our next closest star is _________________________ which is _________ light yr away
proxima cenanun, 4.22
Spring Tides occur during….
⦁ new and full moon b. 1st and 3rd quarter
new and full moon
When we look at a galaxy or star we are seeing back in _______ at how it used to look because it takes so long for its ___________ to make it here
time ,light
The HUBBLE telescope is sending pictures to Earth from ⦁ The center of the universe ⦁ Earth’s core ⦁ Dr. Blakely’s office ⦁ Dark Matter ⦁ Deep Space
Deep Space
In Galileo’s time, telescopes were primarily used for _____________________ ____ but he looked up at the sky developing his theory that Earth _________________
naval wars, the center of the universe
A star’s spectrum can tell us about its
⦁ Temperature b. composition c. distance d. shape e. all
e. all
The Doppler Effect is about ____ waves and tells how compressed waves have a higher frequency and a __ pitch. A. sound, lower b. sound, higher c. light, fast
b. sound, higher
When you listed the top 14 observatories around the world, two were in the US. Name these states. ⦁ Alaska and Georgia ⦁ Vermont and Texas ⦁ Arizona and Hawaii ⦁ South Carolina and Utah
Arizona and Hawaii
Tides usually occur every ____ hours.
6
If you are standing at the Dead Sea, you will experience a stronger or weaker pull of gravity?
weaker
The speed of light is _________________________________ m/s
3*10^8
All EM radiation is a. visible b. reflective c. light
c. light
More mass or closer proximity = more _________________ pull
gravittantional
The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy can neither be __________ nor ____________________.
created or destroyed
Dr. Bruce Banner became the Incredible Hulk due to an accident with which EMS wave? _____________________________
gamma rays
Neap tides are at ______ angle so they do NOT pull with the sun on the ocean
⦁ 45 degree b. 180 degree c. 90 degree
c. 90 degree
The gas giant planets have many moons due to their ___ creating a ___
⦁ Mass, gravitational pull c. composition, force field
⦁ Weight, force field d. attraction, force field
Mass, gravitational pull
Coach K’s scooter gets 110km/gal. How far can he go on 2.5 gallons of fuel? _______________
275
Mrs. Christianson flew from Nashville to LA visit her new grandbaby, a distance of 2240 km. The trip took 4 hours. What was the average speed of the plane? _______________________
560
Coach L rode his skateboard 200 meters in 30 seconds. Coach Bates rode her unicycle 300 meters in 50 seconds. Who traveled faster(higher speed)? _____________ How much faster? _____________________
Coach L, .6 or 2/3
During the Slinky Lab, why did the wave not continue to move back and forth?
⦁ Some energy gets lost along the way
⦁ Energy can only travel in one direction
⦁ When waves merge, they stop making energy and change the rest to friction
⦁ Some energy moves into your hand and some changes to friction
When waves merge, they stop making energy and change the rest to friction
In ‘Scale of the Universe’, a is smaller than a skin cell and b is larger than our sun.
⦁ radio wave or xray
⦁ Polaris or Jupiter
x- ray , polaris
A recent TED video, The Center of the Universe, stated the big bang wasn’t just an explosion in space but an explosion ____ ____________.
of space
90 cm = _____________mm
⦁ 4273 g = ____________cg
⦁ 512 m = _____________km
⦁ 88 mL = _____________ L
900
427,300
.512
.088
The strength of a magnetic field can NOT be altered by (choose 1) ⦁ Number of coils of the wire ⦁ Strength of electrical current ⦁ Changing the length of the magnet ⦁ Adding/removing a conductive core
Changing the length of the magnet
Electromagnets can be turned on/off by turning the current on/off. True False
true
A __ is a coil of wire acting as a magnet when carrying electric current
⦁ transformer b. insulator c. electromotor d. solenoid e. generator
d. solenoid
Many common electric devices contain electromagnets—examples are (pick 3)
⦁ Doorbell b. zipper c. garage door d. refrigerator
Doorbell, . garage door, d. refrigerator
Nikola Tesla lived during a time when most people did not know about
⦁ Electronics c. telescopes
⦁ Radio waves d. electricity
radio waves
Tesla was the first American to use
⦁ Light bulbs c. a piston engine
⦁ X-rays d. binary code
c. a piston engine
Tesla created (pick 3) ⦁ neon signs c. the internet e. electric coffee maker ⦁ induction motors d. AC (alternating current)
neon signs , d. AC (alternating current) , ⦁ induction motor
Tesla’s remote-controlled boat combined with robotics eventually led to
⦁ Christmas lights c. calculators
⦁ Legos d. drones
drones
Stars are mostly (pick 2)
⦁ Nitrogen b. Helium c. Carbon d. Neon e. Argon f. Hydrogen
b. Helium, f. Hydrogen
Who observed red shift leading the discovery of the expanding universe?
⦁ Einstein c. Newton e. Hawking
⦁ Hubble d. Tesla
⦁ Hubble
Which has more?
⦁ Grains of sand on Earth b. stars in the universe
b. stars in the universe
Gravity is the attraction between
⦁ 2 objects with mass c. Large and small objects
⦁ All objects d. Objects in our solar system
2 objects with mass
The Sun exerts a force on you of
⦁ 800 N c. 60 N
⦁ 1 N d. 0.5 N
d. 0.5 N
Are gravitational waves part of EMS?
NO
Due to Dark Matter, we have constant __ at the edges of the galaxies.
Frequency b. speed c. fluctuations d. decreasing space
Frequency
how long does it take light from the sun to reach the earth.
8.3 min
LIGO measures the __ in the fabric of spacetime.
ripples b. distance c. frequency
b. distance
The is friction in space. TRUE FALSE
false
The purpose of the Fire Demo at the beginning of school was
Don’t assume c. both a and b
Lab safety d. none of these
c. both a and b
My dog Scrappy wears a blue collar’ is a ___________________ observation. ‘Scrappy is 75 pounds’ is a _________________________ observation.
qualitative
quantitive
what is the density of water
9.997
saltwater density
1.03
Maglev Trains use superconducting magnets to do what 3 things?
____________________
____________________
____________________
levitate
propulsion
guadanice
The aurora occurring at the North Pole is called ____________________________
norther lights
What acts as a bar magnet running through Earth? ________________
north and south pole
Identify #170-172 as Balanced or Unbalanced Forces.
Two ice skaters move in a straight line at a constant speed.
A sandwich sitting on a plate.
Trucking accelerates around a curve.
Pushing a grocery cart is
balanced
balanced
unbalanced
unbalnced
pushing a grocery cart is
rolling friction
