science ecology revision

Question 1

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 1

An ecosystem is a system formed by a group of living things that interact with each other and their non-living surroundings.

Question 2

Sunlight

Answer 2

Energy from the sun needed for photosynthesis.

Question 3

Photosynthesis

Answer 3

The process in which plants (and some algae) produce their own food in the form of glucose.

Question 4

Consumer/Heterotroph

Answer 4

The name given to living things that can’t photosynthesize.

Question 5

Producer/Autotroph

Answer 5

A living thing that can photosynthesize.

Question 6

Biotic

Answer 6

Something living (or once living)

Question 7

Abiotic

Answer 7

Something in a habitat that is never living.

Question 8

Decomposer

Answer 8

Organisms (eg fungi) that break down the dead bodies of other organisms and return the nutrients to the soil.

Question 9

Detritivore

Answer 9

An animal which feeds on organic matter but unlike decomposers because they only eat organic matter.

Question 10

Habitat

Answer 10

Where an organism lives at a given time.

Question 11

Environment

Answer 11

All of the factors in an organisms surroundings that affect the organism.

Question 12

Population

Answer 12

All of the individuals of one species that live in the one habitat.

Question 13

Community

Answer 13

All of the living organisms in an ecosystem.

Question 14

Organism

Answer 14

An individual, plant or single-celled life form.

Question 15

Predation

Answer 15

When one organism kills and eat another.

Question 16

Competition (within species)

Answer 16

When two members of the same species compete for the same resource.

Question 17

Competition (between species)

Answer 17

When two individuals of different species compete for the same resource.

Question 18

Parasitism

Answer 18

When a member of one species benefits at the expense of another.

Question 19

Mutualism

Answer 19

When two species interact and they both benefit.

Question 20

Commensalism

Answer 20

When members of two species interact, one benefits and the other is not affected.

Question 21

What are structural adaptations?

Answer 21

Physical features.

Question 22

What are behavioural adaptations?

Answer 22

How an organism behaves.

Question 23

What are functional adaptations?

Answer 23

How an organism functions.

Question 24

What are endo and ectotherms?

Answer 24

Endotherms are animals that generate their own body heat from within their body.

While Ectotherms have to get their heat from their environment.

Question 25

What is a food chain?

Answer 25

A food chain is a representation of the flow of energy in an ecosystem.