Science: Ecology Flashcards
How do you classify organisms?
Vertebrates and Invertebrates
How do you classify vertebrates further?
Mammals, Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians and Fish
What are Vertebrates?
An Organism with a backbone
What are Invertebrates?
An Organism without a backbone
Is a Dolphin a Mammal or a Fish?
A Mammal
How Many Legs does an Arachnid have?
8 Legs
How Many Legs does a Crustacean have?
10 Legs
How Many Legs does an Insect have?
6 Legs
How Many Legs does a Myriapod have?
10 - 750 Legs
What is a Producer?
An organism that makes its own food
What is a Consumer?
An organism that can’t make its own food
What is a Carnivore?
An organism that only eats meat
What is a Herbivore?
An organism that only eats plants
What is a Omnivore?
An organism that eats both plants and meat
Is a Human a Carnivore or Herbivore?
Trick Question: Humans are Omnivores
What is a Food Chain?
A Food Chain is a Diagram that shows what an Organism eats. It shows the Transfer of Energy between them
What is a Population?
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All the members of one species living in a certain habitat
What is a Community?
All the populations of different species living in a certain habitat
What are Pesticides?
Chemicals that are used to kill pests. Some farmers use it to protect the crops on their farm.
What are Insecticides?
A certain type of Pesticide that aims to kill insects
What are Mammals?
They give birth to live young, they produce milk and they have hair
What are Birds?
They lay hard shells and they have feathers
What are Reptiles?
They lay soft - shelled eggs
What are Amphibians?
Jelly coated eggs laid in water and soft, moist skin
What are Fish?
Wet scales and fins to move and gills to breath
What are Arthropods?
An important group of invertebrates that have a hard exoskeleton, a segmented body and jointed legs
What happens when an Organism dies?
They get decomposed and turned into minerals
What are Decomposers?
Organisms that break down dead organisms and the dead organisms become minerals
What is an example of a Decomposer?
Fungi and Bacteria
What is the Primary Trophic Level?
Producers
What is the Secondary Trophic Level?
Primary Consumers
What is the Tertiary Trophic Level?
Secondary Consumers
What is the Quaternary Trophic Level?
Tertiary Consumers
What do Organisms need to survive?
They need to to eat, have a defence against predators, be able to reproduce and adapt to their habitat
What is a Pyramid of Biomass?
Used to determine how much matter an organism has without water
What is DDT?
A commonly used insecticide that is toxic. This will give a small dose of it to herbivores, which will then give a bigger dose to the animals up the food chain. This is called bioaccumulation. The reason DDT is dangerous is because it is non - biodegradable
What is another method?
You could attract predators to where you want to protect so the pests won’t go there.
