Science Earth Science

Question 1

What is a fold?

Answer 1

A fold forms when one plate subducts under another and part of the plate is lost (pushed down into the mantle)

Question 2

What is Laurasia?

Answer 2

A part of the original supercontinent Pangaea that broke off. It is in the North

Question 3

What is Gondwana?

Answer 3

A part of the supercontinent Pangaea that broke off. It is in the South

Question 4

What is Pangaea?

Answer 4

A single supercontinent that contained most of todays landmasses that existed around 250 million years ago.

Question 5

What are Fault Lines?

Answer 5

Created at transform plate boundaries

Happen when rocks break due to pressure from forces acting on them

When fault moves, earthquakes occur

Question 6

How are Mountains formed?

Answer 6

Formed by crust buckling and folding due to convergent continental plates – high mountains e.g. Himalayas

Or due to subduction at converging oceanic and continental plates – fold mountains e.g. Andes

Or due to faults from transform boundaries – fold mountains and escarpments(hill or mountain version of a step) e.g darling escarpment near Perth

Question 7

What is the Continental Drift Theory?

Answer 7

All continents were once joined as a super continent (Pangaea)

Evidence:

Coastlines of continents

Mountain ranges

Glacial weathering/rock formation

Fossils

Earth is made up of plates (lithosphere) that move on top of molten rock (asthenosphere).

Explains how continental drift occurred

Question 8

Fossil Evidence

Answer 8

Fossils of the same extinct plants and animals found in several diff continents even though we know its not possible to cross the ocean. Therefore all countries were once connected

Question 9

matching coastlines

Answer 9

Coastlines of continents seem to line up and fit together as if a giant jigsaw puzzle

Question 10

glaical striations

Answer 10

when glaicers form they erode the rock in a specific way however this erosion has been foound all over the world even on areas where glaciers cant form. Suggesting that all the continents were once connnected in one area that allowed glaicers to form.

Question 11

Matching mountain ranges

Answer 11

Mountains ranges line up with each other and are even formed from the same types of rocks despite being in different continens suggesting that they were formed together when the plates were joined together

Question 12

Oceanic crust

Answer 12

thinnner more dense younger, the younger the denser, the older the denser

Question 12

Continental crust

Answer 12

thciker, less dense older