Science - Diseases

Question 1

Disease

Answer 1

Anything that prevents the body or parts of the body from functioning properly

Question 2

List the Pathogens

Answer 2

• Bacteria
• Virus
• Parasite
• Fungi

Question 3

Bacteria

Answer 3

Unicellular, microscopic organism that can be treated with antibiotics

Question 4

Bacterial Diseases

Answer 4

• Whooping Cough
• Tetanus
• Typhoid Fever

Question 5

What bacteria causes Tetanus?

Answer 5

Clostridium tetani

Question 6

Symptoms of Tetanus include:

Answer 6

• Lockjaw
• Respiratory failure
• Heart attack

Question 7

What bacteria causes Gastroenteritis?

Answer 7

Salmonella enteritis

Question 8

Symptoms of gastroenteritis include:

Answer 8

• Fever
• Headaches
• Stomach pains
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea

Question 9

Examples of good hygiene include:

Answer 9

• Washing hands often
• Sanitize food prep surfaces
• Keep meat and dairy separate
• Use different utensils for cooked and raw foods

Question 10

Infection

Answer 10

When a pathogen enters the body and reaches its target cells

Question 11

First Line of Defense

Answer 11

• Skin
• Fluids
• Hair and mucus
• Acid
• Emptying digestive tract

Question 12

Second Line of Defense

Answer 12

• Macrophages and Neutrophils (white blood cells)
• Inflammation: release of histamine that increases blood flow

Question 13

Third Line of Defense

Answer 13

Lymph nodes produce lymphocytes that produce specific antibodies which bind the pathogen for white blood cells to engulf

Question 14

Vaccinations

Answer 14

A method of creating immunological memory artificially

Question 15

Virus

Answer 15

Non living pathogen that hijacks a host cell to reproduce. Can be treated by antiviral drugs

Question 16

Examples of Viral Infections

Answer 16

• Influenza
• Cold
• Chicken Pox
• Measles

Question 17

Immunosupressed

Answer 17

Those with a weakened immune system (eg. young children, elderly, ect)

Question 18

Parasite

Answer 18

An organism that lives on or inside of a host victim

Question 19

Malaria

Answer 19

Parasitic disease caused by a plasmodium, carried by mosquitoes

Question 20

Amoebic Dysentery

Answer 20

Parasitic disease caused by pathogenic amoebae in contaminated water. Treated with antibiotics

Question 21

Fungi

Answer 21

Few are pathogenic and spread through spores. Can be transmitted through
- Skin to skin contact
- Sharing towels, clothes or gym equipment
- Walking on contaminated areas barefoot

Question 22

Tinea

Answer 22

Fungal infection, commonly known as ringworm. Causes inflammation and rashes and is treated with fungicide

Question 23

Thrush

Answer 23

Fungal infections - completely natural until out of control
Commonly occurs after prolonged use of antibiotics

Question 24

Kwashiorkor

Answer 24

Environmental disease caused by lack of protein
Symptoms include:
- Pot belly
- Fatigue
- Hair loss
- Swollen legs
- Weak stomach muscles

Question 25

Scurvy

Answer 25

Environmental disease caused by lack of Vitamin C
Symptoms:
- Bleeding gums
- Tooth loss
- Swollen and sore joints
- Reduced healing time

Question 26

Rickets

Answer 26

Environmental disease caused by lack of Vitamin D
Symptoms:
- Soft bones

Question 27

Calculating BMI

Answer 27

Mass(kg)/(height(m))^2

Question 28

Type 2 Diabetes

Answer 28

Environmental disease caused by too much sugar in a diet

Lack of/Insensitivity to insulin

Question 29

Asbestos

Answer 29

A man made chemical that causes many lung cancers when inhaled