Science Disease Terms

Question 1

Abnormal condition affecting the body of an organism. May include symptoms, disorders, infections, or disabilities. Body is not in homeostasis,
Example: Influenza, Heart Disease

Answer 1

Disease

Question 2

Living things that causes disease
Example: Virus, Bacteria, Fungi, Parasite

Answer 2

Pathogen

Question 3

A disease that can be spread from person to person by direct or indirect contact
Example: Influenza, Tuberculosis

Answer 3

Communicable/Infectious Disease

Question 4

Substance that contains dead or weakened pathogens
Example: the influenza vaccine prevents you from getting the flu

Answer 4

Vaccine

Question 5

How common something is
Example: Influenza was most _____ in the early 1900s

Answer 5

Prevalence

Question 6

A pattern or direction in which something changes
Example: The _____ was decreasing.

Answer 6

Trend

Question 7

To remove a disease completely from a specific place.
Example: Polio is gone in the U.S. (Not really though)

Answer 7

Eradicate

Question 8

To relieve a person of the disease and symptoms
Example: There is no ______ for Polio (yet)

Answer 8

Cure

Question 9

To stop a person from getting a disease before they come in contact with it.
Example: Influenza can be _______ with the flu shot

Answer 9

Prevent

Question 10

A sign or physical effect on the body that indicates that a disease is present.
Example: Fever and chills

Answer 10

Symptom

Question 11

The process of passing a disease from one person to another.
Example: You give someone Ebola through direct contact with the blood of someone already infected

Answer 11

Transmission

Question 12

Medicine used to treat a bacterial disease or infection
Example: Penicillin, Amoxicillin

Answer 12

Antibiotic

Question 13

Medical care given to someone with a disease
Example: The flu is made less bad with rest and fluids to help the body fight the infection

Answer 13

Treatment

Question 14

A disease caused by environment or lifestyle choices (diet and/or exercise).
Example: Lung cancer

Answer 14

Environmental Disease

Question 15

A disease caused by a change in a person’s DNA or a specific gene in the genetic code
Example: Tay Sachs

Answer 15

Genetic Disease

Question 16

A disease caused by a pathogen and is communicable
Example: Polio, Influenza, Tuberculosis, COVID

Answer 16

Infectious Disease

Question 17

A series of steps your body goes through to return to homeostasis.
Example: When blood sugar is high the pancreas releases insulin to lower blood sugar.

Answer 17

Feedback Mechanism

Question 18

An organism’s ability to maintain balance (balance of hormones, oxygen, wastes, nutrients, blood sugar levels).
Example: Maintaining normal blood sugar levels.

Answer 18

Homeostasis/ Dynamic Equilibrium

Question 19

(A mixture)fluid that transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body. Made up of plasma, white bloods cells, and red blood cells.
Example: part of the circulatory system

Answer 19

Blood

Question 20

Cells that fight off foreign invaders.
Example: B cells, macrophages

Answer 20

White Blood Cells

Question 21

Cells that transport oxygen
from the lungs to the cells of the body

Answer 21

Red Blood Cells

Question 22

Substance that contains weakened or dead pathogens that creates immunity (antibodies) in an individual. Can be administered as an injection, nasal spray or drops on tongue.
Example: Polio vaccine prevents polio

Answer 22

Vaccine

Question 23

A form of immunity that occurs when most of the population is vaccinated against a specific disease, this provides protection for individuals who have not developed immunity or cannot be vaccinated.
Example: Remember the Disneyland outbreak of the Measles!

Answer 23

Herd Immunity