Science Disease Terms Flashcards
Abnormal condition affecting the body of an organism. May include symptoms, disorders, infections, or disabilities. Body is not in homeostasis,
Example: Influenza, Heart Disease
Disease
Living things that causes disease
Example: Virus, Bacteria, Fungi, Parasite
Pathogen
A disease that can be spread from person to person by direct or indirect contact
Example: Influenza, Tuberculosis
Communicable/Infectious Disease
Substance that contains dead or weakened pathogens
Example: the influenza vaccine prevents you from getting the flu
Vaccine
How common something is
Example: Influenza was most _____ in the early 1900s
Prevalence
A pattern or direction in which something changes
Example: The _____ was decreasing.
Trend
To remove a disease completely from a specific place.
Example: Polio is gone in the U.S. (Not really though)
Eradicate
To relieve a person of the disease and symptoms
Example: There is no ______ for Polio (yet)
Cure
To stop a person from getting a disease before they come in contact with it.
Example: Influenza can be _______ with the flu shot
Prevent
A sign or physical effect on the body that indicates that a disease is present.
Example: Fever and chills
Symptom
The process of passing a disease from one person to another.
Example: You give someone Ebola through direct contact with the blood of someone already infected
Transmission
Medicine used to treat a bacterial disease or infection
Example: Penicillin, Amoxicillin
Antibiotic
Medical care given to someone with a disease
Example: The flu is made less bad with rest and fluids to help the body fight the infection
Treatment
A disease caused by environment or lifestyle choices (diet and/or exercise).
Example: Lung cancer
Environmental Disease
A disease caused by a change in a person’s DNA or a specific gene in the genetic code
Example: Tay Sachs
Genetic Disease
A disease caused by a pathogen and is communicable
Example: Polio, Influenza, Tuberculosis, COVID
Infectious Disease
A series of steps your body goes through to return to homeostasis.
Example: When blood sugar is high the pancreas releases insulin to lower blood sugar.
Feedback Mechanism
An organism’s ability to maintain balance (balance of hormones, oxygen, wastes, nutrients, blood sugar levels).
Example: Maintaining normal blood sugar levels.
Homeostasis/ Dynamic Equilibrium
(A mixture)fluid that transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body. Made up of plasma, white bloods cells, and red blood cells.
Example: part of the circulatory system
Blood
Cells that fight off foreign invaders.
Example: B cells, macrophages
White Blood Cells
Cells that transport oxygen
from the lungs to the cells of the body
Red Blood Cells
Substance that contains weakened or dead pathogens that creates immunity (antibodies) in an individual. Can be administered as an injection, nasal spray or drops on tongue.
Example: Polio vaccine prevents polio
Vaccine
A form of immunity that occurs when most of the population is vaccinated against a specific disease, this provides protection for individuals who have not developed immunity or cannot be vaccinated.
Example: Remember the Disneyland outbreak of the Measles!
Herd Immunity
