Science CTA Flashcards
Who was the first person to discover cells?
Robert Hooke
List levels of organization from least to most complex in multicellular organisms (Give an example of each)
Cell (cardiac cell) } tissue (cardiac tissue) } organ (heart) } organ system (cardiovascular) } organism (human)
Describe Prokaryotic Cells
Single celled, bacteria, amoebas, DNA in cytoplasm, no membrane- bound organisms
Describe eukaryotic cells
Multicellular, plant and animal, DNA in nucleus, membrane bound organelles
How are Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells similar?
They are both cells
In a microscope, what two structures would clearly identify the cell you are looking at as either plant or animal?
Plant - large vacuole, cell wall
Animal - nucleus, cell membrane
What structure does the eukaryotic cell have that identifies them immediately as a eukaryotic cell? What does this structure do for the cell?
Nucleus - control center of the cell and controls all the activities of the cell.
List three types of asexual reproduction and give an example of each.
Budding - Hydra
Fragmentation - Starfish
Vegetative Propagation - Onions, potatoes
How many parents are needed for Mitosis?
1
How many daughter cells in Mitosis?
2
Are daughter cells identical or different from the parent in Mitosis?
identical
How many times does the nucleus divide in mitosis?
1
Mitosis has what cell type?
body cell
Mitosis is diploid or haploid?
diploid
Number of mitosis chromosomes for humans?
46
How many parent cells are involved in meiosis?
2
How many daughter cells in meiosis?
4
Are daughter cells identical or different from the parent in meiosis?
different
How many times does the nucleus divide in meiosis?
2
Meiosis has what cell type?
sex cell
Meiosis is diploid or haploid?
haploid
Number of meiosis chromosomes for humans?
23 (half mom and half dad)
What are the four stages of Mitosis?
PMAT (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telephase)
What is the interphase?
Period of growth and development, longest phase
What 3 events happen in the interphase?
Cell prepares to replicate, DNA duplicates, and ?
If a homozygous dominant tall plant (TT) is crossed with a heterozygous tall plant (Tf), what will be the probability of having an offspring who is tall?
TT and Tt (TT, TT, Tt, and Tt)
Genotype (what’s in box) 2TT, 2 Tt
Phenotype (what it looks like) 100% Tall
If two heterozygous brown mice are crossed, what is the probability of having a tan mouse if tan is the recessive color?
Bb and Bb (BB, Bb, Bb, and bb)
G = 1BB, 2 Bb, 1bb
P = 75% Brown, 25% tan
If a homozygous red flower is crossed with a homozygous pink flower, what would be the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring? (Red is the dominant color).
G = 4Rr
P = 100% red
What is the complimentary strand to the following section of DNA? A-T-A-G-G-G-T-C-C-C-A-A
T-A-T-C-C-C-A-G-G-G-T-T
What is the complimentary strand to the following section of DNA? G-G-G-T-T-A-A-C-C-T-T-A
C-C-C-A-A-T-T-G-G-A-A-T
What is the complimentary strand to the following section of DNA? G-G-T-A-T-A-T-A-C-C-C-A
C-C-A-T-T-A-T-G-G-G-T
What is the complimentary strand to the following section of DNA? T-T-A-A-T-T-C-C-C-G-G-G
A-A-T-T-A-A-G-G-G-C-C-C
