Science CLAT Flashcards
Cetology is the study of
aquatic mammals (especially whales)
Morphology is the study of
external structure of living organisms
Phenology is the study of
Climate
Osteology is the study of
bones
Pathology is the study of
mechanisms and manifestations of diseases
Zymology is the study of
fermentation process
Angstrom is used to measure
wavelength of light
Candela is used to measure
luminous intensity
Gauss is used to measure
magnetic induction/ flux density
Aspirin was discovered by
Felix Hoffman
Cholera was discovered by
Robert Koch
Malaria germs (malarial parasites) were discovered by
Charles A Laveran
Bicycle was invented by
K Macmillan
Diesel engine was invented by
Rudolf Diesel
Jet engine was invented by
Sir Frank Whittle
Sewing machine was invented by
B Thimmonnier
Telescope was invented by
Hans Lippershey
What is asthma caused by?
allergens
Which part of the body does diabetes affect?
pancreas and blood
What is diphtheria caused by and what part of the body does it affect?
bacteria; throat
What is glaucoma caused by and what part of the body does it affect?
high pressure in the eyes; eyes
What does hepatitis cause?
Jaundice
What is rheumatism caused by and what part of the body does it affect?
streptococcus bacteria in children; joints
What is tonsillitis caused by?
Bacterial and viral infection
What is tuberculosis caused by?
bacteria
Which enzymes does the intestine produce?
lipase, trypsin, carbohydrases
Where is the breed of sheep Rampur Bushair found?
UP and Himachal Pradesh
Amla contains ________ acid.
ascorbic
Spinach contains ______ acid.
oxalic
Respiration is an __________ process
exothermic process (in which heat is released along with other products)
_________ uses inactivated virus i.e. it is made of killed coronaviruses, making it safe to be injected
Covaxin (got emergency approval without phase 3 data)
Which element depletes the ozone layer?
CFCs break down to release chlorine which depletes the protective ozone layer
Is silicon a metal, non metal, or metalloid?
metalloid
Is phosphorous a metal, non metal, or metalloid?
non metal
Give examples of organisms which exhibit external fertilisation?
frogs, starfish and sea urchin
On increasing temperature of solids, _______ energy of the particles increases
kinetic
the smallest bone in the human body is _________
‘stapes’
Study of lungs is _________
Pulmonology
study of the liver is _________
Hepatology
primary greenhouse gases in Earth’s atmosphere are:
water vapor, CO2, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone
Plasma constitutes nearly ___ per cent of the blood.
55 percent
The sun’s magnetic fields flip approximately every ___
11 years, defining the solar cycle
The outermost atmospheric layer of the sun
The corona
Meaning of bathymetry
measurement of depth of water in oceans, seas
What is Chloroform?
Methane Trichloride
Tooth enamel is corroded when the PH in the mouth is
below 5.5
Nettle leaves have stinging hair which have:
methanoic acid
_________ is known as the Washing Soda
Sodium carbonate
_________ is known as the Baking Soda
Sodium Bicarbonate
The substance which doctors use as plaster:
gypsum
Silver articles become black because of:
sulphur
Copper when exposed to air, gains a green coat, this is
copper carbonate
Leukemia is a type of blood cancer in which:
number of WBC increases enormously
The site of protein synthesis in the cell:
Ribosome (in rough endoplasmic reticulum)
_________ is known as the suicidal bag of the cell
Lysosome
Which cell division occurs only in sex cells?
Meiosis
Virus was discovered by:
Ivanovsky
Nucleus was discovered by (gold foil experiment):
Ernest Rutherford
Small pox is caused by:
Variola virus
Which bacteria is the causative agent of tetanus?
Clostridium
What is the causative agent of typhoid?
Salmonella
Shell of an egg is made of:
Calcium carbonate
Beri -Beri disease is caused due to the deficiency of:
Vitamin B1
RBCs (Red Blood Corpuscles) are produced in:
Bone marrow
Polio vaccine was invented by:
Jonas Salk
The only organ that can regrow in the human body:
Liver
Star system closest to our sun:
Alpha Centauri (of the 3 stars, Proxima is the closest)
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) uses which particles?
photons, the particles which transmit light
A mutant virus _________ the severity of the disease
increases
India ranks ______ in carbon emissions
third
US targets to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions by
50-52 percent below 2005 levels in 2030.
Boris announced at the Leaders Summit on Climate for Britain to cut carbon emissions by _________
78% by 2035 over 1990 levels
GoI has sanctioned the installation of ___ Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) oxygen plants
162
Liquid medical oxygen (LMO) is manufactured in large plants using _________ techniques
cryogenic distillation
Rakesh Sharma was the 1st Indian in space, who flew aboard _________
USSR’s Soyuz T-11 in 1984
Aditya L1 will be launched using the _________ with 7 payloads (instruments) on board.
Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) XL
The 1st time a pregnant woman can feel the baby’s kick, which can happen anytime bw 14 and 26 weeks:
quickening
The smallpox vaccine, discovered by _________ in 1796, was the first successful vaccine to be developed
Edward Jenner
Gaganyaan will have a total of 3 flights- ___ unmanned and ___ manned
2 unmanned and 1 manned
UK Covid variant has been named:
Alpha (B.1.1.7)
South Africa Covid variant has been named:
Beta (B.1.351)
Brazil Covid variant has been named:
Gamma
Indian Covid variant (B.1.617.2) has been named:
Delta
The WHO has labelled the strain found in Brazil in 2020 as ‘Gamma’, and the one discovered in the US as ‘_________’
Epsilon
NASA will send 128 glow-in-the-dark baby squids and some 5,000 tardigrades (also called _________) to the International Space Station for research purposes.
water bears
North Pole has shifted in a new eastward direction since the 1990s, because of changes in the _________ (meaning the way in which water is stored on Earth).
hydrosphere
WHO announced that the B.1.617.1 and B.1.617.2 variants of the Covid-19 - first identified in India - have been named as ‘______’ and ‘Delta’ respectively
Kappa
China’s _________ (EAST), which mimics the energy generation process of the sun, set a new record after it ran at 120 million degrees Celsius for 101 seconds
Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak
The three most stable isotopes of hydrogen: protium (A = 1), deuterium (A = 2), and tritium (A = 3). Which is the most common isotope of hydrogen?
Protium
Mars has been explored by several uncrewed spacecraft. _________ was the first spacecraft to visit Mars; launched by NASA on 28 November 1964
Mariner 4
_________ was the first of two spacecraft sent to Mars as part of NASA’s Viking program, landing on July 20, 1976. It was the first successful Mars lander in history.
Viking 1
In 1997, the Mars Pathfinder spacecraft landed on Mars and on 5 July released its rover, _________, the first robotic rover to operate on Mars.
Sojourner
FDA has rejected _________’s proposal for an emergency use authorization of its covid vaccine, delaying the company’s vaccine launch in that country.
Bharat Biotech (Ocugen is its US partner)
The _________ mission was instrumental in the discovery of water on the moon. It was intended to orbit and study the moon for two years.
Chandrayaan-1
China’s EAST project is part of the _________ facility, which will become the world’s largest nuclear fusion reactor after it becomes operational in 2035
International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER)
_________ is an adenovirus vaccine, which means it uses a weakened version of a common cold virus from chimpanzees to trigger an immune response
Covishield
Named after the world’s first artificial satellite, Russia’s SPUTNIK V is a vaccine based on _________ technology
Non-Replicating Viral Vector technology
SPUTNIK V is developed by Russia’s _________ and is the 3rd Vaccine to be granted emergency use approval in India
Gamaleya Institute
_________ had recently announced that it is working on a Nasal Vaccine for COVID-19. Acc to govt plan, 10 crore doses will be made available in India by Dec ‘21.
Bharat Biotech
Ahmedabad-based pharmaceutical firm Zydus Cadila has been working on a DNA based COVID-19 vaccine code named _________
ZyCoV-D
Another Indian Pharmaceuticals Manufacturer _________, a Pune based company, is working on developing an mRNA VACCINE
Gennova Biopharmaceuticals
Vaccinating everyone above 18 will cost only about
____________ per cent of the GDP, ratings agency India Ratings and Research said.
0.36%
The blockchain was invented by Satoshi Nakamoto in ______ to serve as the public transaction ledger of
the cryptocurrency bitcoin
2008 (In 2009, bitcoin was created)
In a study published in the journal Immunity, a team found that _________ prevents pulmonary or lung inflammation in mice infected with SARS-CoV-2.
metformin (a blood sugar-lowering drug)
An electrical charge triggered by automobile impact causes _________ to explode and convert to nitrogen gas inside the airbag
sodium azide
Colour temperature is a scale relating the colour of the light radiated by an object to its temperature. Which colour of heat radiation represents the highest temp?
White or blue-white
Rickets is a disease of bones, in which they bend due to softening. This can be seen as bowing of leg bones in an X-ray report. The cause for the Rickets is:
deficiency of vitamin-D
_________ is known for co-founding Facebook, Inc. and serves as its chairman, chief executive officer, and controlling shareholder
Mark Elliot Zuckerberg
Which is the force which is most powerful in determining the movement of wind including its velocity ?
Pressure gradient force
Atmospheric humidity is measured by _________. It measures humidity by taking both a wet-bulb and a dry-bulb temperature reading.
psychrometer
Which is the warmest layer of the atmosphere? It is directly above the mesosphere and below the exosphere
Thermosphere
