Science - Chemical Reactions Flashcards
Which types of chemicals can react with acids during a
neutralisation reaction?
Alkalis or a base
What two types of elements are there in the Periodic Table?
Metals and Non-metals
What are the rows of the Periodic Table called?
Periods
What is the change in state that occurs when a gas turns into a
liquid?
Condensation
What are the columns of the Periodic Table called?
Groups
What happens when we go from one atomic number to another in the periodic table?
It increases by one
What are some properties of metals?
Shiny, conduct electricity, conduct heat, flexible, high melting point
What are some properties of non-metals?
Dull, do not conduct electricity, do not conduct heat, feeble, low melting point
What is a chemical element?
The smallest part of matter that retains specific chemical properties
Can chemical elements be broken down by chemical reactions?
Unlike chemical compounds, chemical elements cannot be broken down into simpler substances by any chemical reaction
Metal + oxygen
Metal oxide
Magnesium + oxygen
Magnesium oxide
What is the word equation for the burning of wood?
Wood + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water
Charcoal + oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Sulfur + oxygen
Sulfur dioxide
(Metal) + (acid)
(Salt) + hydrogen
Magnesium + hydrochloric acid
Magnesium chloride + hydrogen
Magnesium + sulfuric acid
Magnesium sulfate + hydrogen
Magnesium + nitric acid
Magnesium nitrate + hydrogen
What is an example of a solute, solvent, and solution?
Solute: Salt
Solvent: Water
Solution: Salt Water
Potassium + zinc chloride
Potassium chloride + zinc
Zinc + potassium chloride
(No reaction - potassium is a more reactive metal than zinc)
Zinc + copper oxide
Zinc oxide + copper
What is the reactivity table of metals and elements (from reactive to unreactive)?
- Potassium
- Sodium
- Lithium
- Calcium
- Magnesium
- Aluminium
- Zinc
- Iron
- Lead
- Copper
- Silver
- Gold
What is a fuel?
An energy source which is a store of chemical energy
What is combustion?
A reaction in which a fuel reacts with oxygen to release thermal energy and light energy
What happens if there is plenty of oxygen in a combustion reaction?
The products will all be ‘carbon dioxide + water’ if there is enough oxygen
Methane + oxygen
Carbon dioxide + water
What is Thermal Decomposition?
Using heat to break something down
Metal oxide + carbon dioxide
Metal carbonate
What does an exothermic reaction release into the surroundings?
Heat energy
What happens to the temperature in an exothermic reaction?
It increases
What chemical reactions take place during an exothermic reaction?
Neutralisation & Combustion
What happens to an exothermic reaction?
Condensing and freezing
What does an endothermic reaction absorb from the surroundings?
Heat
What happens to the temperature in an endothermic reaction?
It decreases
Which chemical reactions take place in an endothermic reaction?
Thermal decomposition
What happens to an endothermic reaction?
Melting and boiling
What happens to the energy of particles when a gas is
cooled to form a liquid?
It loses its kinetic energy, so it can’t move around as much as it used to
Calcium is a metal. What type of solution would calcium oxide
form?
Lime water
What would happen to blue and red litmus paper if they tested
a solution of calcium oxide?
They’d both become blue
