Science Chapter11 : Weather & Water Cycle

Question 1

a blanket of air that surrounds Earth

Answer 1

atmosphere

Question 2

the layer ( atmosphere ) closest to Earth’s surface

Answer 2

troposphere

- 13 km ( 8 mi ) thick-

Question 3

the weight of the atmosphere pressing down on Earth

Answer 3

air pressure

Question 4

when 2 places in the same area have slightly different temperatures

Answer 4

local wind

Question 5

the result of uneven heating of the atmosphere

Answer 5

wind

Question 6

wind that blows from the land toward water

Answer 6

land breeze

Question 7

wind that blows from the water toward the land

Answer 7

sea breeze

Question 8

global winds that always blow from the same direction

Answer 8

prevailing winds

Question 9

the process which water continuously move from Earth’s surface to the atmosphere and back to Earth again

Answer 9

water cycle

Question 10

the process which liquid water changes to a gas

Answer 10

evaporation

Question 11

the process which water changes from a gas to a liquid

Answer 11

condensation

Question 12

water under the ground

Answer 12

groundwater

Question 13

the amount of water vapor in the air

Answer 13

humidity

Question 14

water that falls from the atmosphere to Earth’s surface

Answer 14

precipitation

Question 15

liquid precipitation

Answer 15

rain

Question 16

when water vapor turns exactly into ice crystals

Answer 16

snow

Question 17

when tiny clumps of ice, kept aloft by strong updrafts, get blown through freezing thunderclouds until they are heavy enough to fall to earth

Answer 17

hail

Question 18

rain drops that turn into ice when falling and going through a colder layer of air near the surface

Answer 18

sleet

Question 19

water vapor that turns directly into ice

Answer 19

frost

Question 20

water vapor that has condensed into small water droplets near ground level

Answer 20

fog

Question 21

a large body of air that has the same temperature and humidity throughout

Answer 21

air mass

Question 22

the border where 2 air masses meet

Answer 22

front

Question 23

where a cold air mass move under a warm air mass

Answer 23

cold front

Question 24

where a warm air mass moves under a cold air mass

Answer 24

warm front

Question 25

cloud:

• puffy
• indicate fair weather
• as it grows, rain can develop

Answer 25

Cumulus Cloud

Question 26

cloud:
- form low in the atmosphere
- usually cover the sky
- no heavy precipitation-but moderate rainfall or snowfall is possible

Answer 26

Stratus Cloud

Question 27

cloud:

• form high in the atmosphere-where the air is really cold
• made mostly of ice crystals

Answer 27

Cirrus Cloud

Question 28

cloud:

• produce:
  
  1. heavy rain
  2. thunderstorms
  3. snow
• doesn’t last long
• forms in cold front

Answer 28

Cumulonimbus Cloud

Question 29

weather instrument:

measures air temperature

Answer 29

thermometer

Question 30

weather instrument:

measures humidity

Answer 30

hygrometer

Question 31

weather instrument:

measures air pressure

Answer 31

barometer

Question 32

weather instrument:

measures wind speed

Answer 32

anemometer

Question 33

weather instruments ( 2 ) : 
measures wind direction

Answer 33

windsocks, wind vanes

Question 34

the pattern of weather an area experiences over a long time

Answer 34

climate

Question 35

when there is little or no rain on the downwind side of the mountain

Answer 35

rain shadow ( effect )
-can cause one side of a mountain to have a wet climate while the other side has a dry climate-