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science > Science chapter 9 > Flashcards

Science chapter 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

How do Forces in nature affect us?

A

Earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic Eruption

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2
Q

What can a force be?

A

A force can be a ‘push’ or a ‘pull’.

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3
Q

How is a force produced?

A

A force is produced when two objects touch each other or
when our body touches an object.

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4
Q

Forces that are produced
when objects come into contact are called

A

Contact forces

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5
Q

forces that are produced when objects do not touch each other are called?

A

Non-Contact Forces

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6
Q

Types of contact forces

A

Friction and elastic force

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7
Q

Friction is the…

A

Friction is the force that opposes
motion between two objects in
contact.

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8
Q

Friction allows us to…

A

Friction allows us to hold on to
things without dropping them.

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9
Q

What and what in our daily lives rely on friction?

A

walking and writing with a pencil

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10
Q

Elastic force acts on …

A

a stretched
or compressed elastic object to
return it to its original shape.

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11
Q

Types of non-contact forces?

A

Gravitational force, electrostatic force and magnetic force

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12
Q

Magnetic force is …

A

the force exerted by a magnet on
magnetic materials such as iron and steel.

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13
Q

Unlike poles(magnetic)/charges(electrostatic)…and the force is called

A

attract each other, attraction

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14
Q

like poles(magnetic)/charges(electrostatic)…and the force is called

A

repel each other, repulsion

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15
Q

Electrostatic force is the…

A

Electrostatic force is the force of attraction/repulsion
between particles due to their electric charges.

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16
Q

Gravitational force is the…

A

force of attraction between
objects due to their masses.

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17
Q

What is the gravitational force that the earth exerts on objects.

A

Our weight

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18
Q

The SI unit of force is ?

A

Newton (N).

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19
Q

We use a …. to measure force

A

spring balance

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20
Q

What is mass?

A

Mass is the amount of matter in a body

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21
Q

SI unit of mass is

A

Kilogram(kg)

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22
Q

What is weight?

A

Weight is the gravitational force acting on an object

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23
Q

SI unit of weight is

A

Newton(N)

24
Q

How to find weight?

A

Weight (W) = mass
(m) x gravitational
field strength of the
planet (g)

25
Q

Gravitational field strength tells us
how strong

A

The Earth’s gravitational field will
experience a gravitational force
attracting it towards Earth’s centre.

26
Q

The …
the strength, the … the
gravitational force!

A

higher, greater

27
Q

Mass can be measured using a waht or waht

A

beam balance, electronic

28
Q

The beam balance compares

A

the
gravitational force acting on an
object with standard masses.

29
Q

Mass is … of gravitational field strength

A

independent

30
Q

Weight is… on gravitational field strength

A

dependent

31
Q

Forces can change the state of

A

rest or motion of an object

32
Q

Forces can create what effect on an object

A

turning

33
Q

Forces can change the

A

size and/or shape of an object

34
Q

Forces can change the pressure on an object

A

pressure on an object

35
Q

Speed can be calculated using the formula

A

speed = dist travelled / time taken

36
Q

Pressure can be calculated using the formula

A

pressure = force / area

37
Q

The what you are in the water, the what the
underwater pressure becomes.

A

deeper, greater

38
Q

the air pressure outside our bodies is
… by the air pressure inside our bodies. hence we are not killed by the atmospheric pressure

A

balanced

39
Q

The SI unit of energy and work done is

A

the joule (J).

40
Q

There is work done when

A

a force acts on an object and the object moves in the same direction as the force

41
Q

When work is done,

A

there will be transfer of energy
from one object to another object.

42
Q

Work done is calculated using the formula

A

w = fs
W = work done (in J);

F = force applied (in N);

s = distance moved in the direction of the force (in m).

43
Q

Types of energy in our daily lives

A

Potential energy (elastic, gravitational and chemical)

Kinetic energy

Electrical energy

Thermal energy (or heat)

Light energy

Sound energy

44
Q

Potential energy is the

A

stored energy in a system.

45
Q

Types of potential energy

A

Chemical potential energy
gravitational potential energy
elastic potential energy

46
Q

Formula to find gravitational potential energy

A

m g h

m = mass of object

g = gravitational field strength

(= 10 N/kg)

h = height of object

47
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by moving object.

48
Q

Formula to find kinetic energy

A

Kinetic energy

= 1/2 m v 2

where
m = mass of object (in kg)

v = speed of object (in m s−1)

49
Q

Principle of conservation of energy

A

energy cannot be be created nor destroyed, but
can be converted from one form to another. The
total energy in an isolated system is constant.

50
Q

An isolated system means that

A

the objects in the
system only interact with one another and they have
no interaction with any object outside the system.

51
Q

the total energy in the isolated system
stays

A

constant

52
Q

non-renewable sources of energy

A

are limited and will run out one day

53
Q

some non-renewable sources of energy are

A

fossil fuels, diesel, petrol

54
Q

renewable sources of energy can
be sustained or renewed indefinitely.

A

can be sustained or renewed indefinitely.

55
Q

some renewable sources of energy are

A

solar energy, hydroelectric energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, biofuels and nuclear energy

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