Science chapter 4 multiple choice Flashcards
Democritus thought that matter was made out of tiny particles... A. of earth, air, fire, and water B. that could not be divided C. that could be divided D. that were all round and smooth
that could not be divided
if 2 grams of element Y form compound XY, how many grams of element Y would combine with 14 grams of X to form the same compound? A. 7 grams B. 14 grams C. 21 grams D. 28 grams
28 grams
which of the following is NOT part of Dalton’s theory?
A. all elements are composed of atoms
B. all atoms of the same element have the same mass
C. atoms contain subatomic particles
D. a compound contains atoms of more than one element
atoms contain subatomic particles
JJ Thomsons experiments provided evidence that an atom…
A. is the smallest particle of matter
B. contains negatively charged particles
C. has a negative charge
D. has a positive charge
contains negatively charged particles
The digram in the figure above shows the results of Rutherford's gold foil experiment. what causes some of the alpha particles to bounce straight back from the gold foil? A. electrons in the gold atoms B. negative charges in the gold atoms C. other alpha particles D. nuclei in the gold atoms
nuclei in the gold atoms
Rutherford’s gold foil experiment provided evidence for which of the following statements…
A. negative and positive charges are spread evenly throughout an atom
B. alpha particles have a positive charge
C. Gold is not as dense as previously thought
D. there is a dense, positively charged mass in the center of an Atom
There is a dense, positively charged mass in the center of an atom
Which statement best describes the different model of the Atom?
A. it’s like an avocado with the pit representing the nucleus
B. it’s like an aquarium with swimming fish representing positive charges
C. it’s like a fried egg with the yolk representing the nucleus
D. it’s like a huge stadium with a positively charged marble at the center
It’s like a huge stadium with the positively charged marble at the center
Which subatomic particle has a negative charge A. electron B. alpha particle C. neutron D. proton
electron
Which of the following is unique for any given element A. the number of neutrons B. the charge on the electrons C. the number of protons D. the mass of a neutron
The number of protons
The number of protons and what Adam oven element is that elements… A. mass number B. balanced charge C. Atomic number D. isotope
Atomic number
To find the number of neutrons and Adam you would subtract… A. Mass number from atomic number B. Atomic number from mass number C. atomic number from electron number D. isotope number from atomic number
Atomic number from mass number
suppose an atom has a mass number of 23. which statement is true beyond any doubt?
A. The atom has an odd number of neutrons
B. The atomic number is less than 11
C. The atom is not an isotope
D. The number of protons in the nucleus does not equal the number of neutrons
The number of protons in the nucleus is not equal the number of neutrons
Which statement is true about oxygen 17 and oxygen 18
A. They do not have the same number of proton
B. their atoms have an identical mass
C. they are isotopes of oxygen
D. They have the same mass number
They are isotopes of oxygen
What can you as soon as happen if an electron moves to higher energy level.. A. the atom has become more stable B. the electron has lost energy C. the electron has gained energy D. the atom has a lost electron
The electron has gained energy
How was Boers atomic model is similar to Rutherford model?
A. it assigned energy levels to electrons
B. It described electron positions in terms of the electron cloud model
C. It describe how electrons gain or lose energy
D. It describes a nuclear surrounded by a large volume of space
It describes a nucleus surrounded by large volume of space
What do scientists do use to predict the locations of electrons in Atoms? A. probability B. Algebra C. Geometry D. Ratios and proportions
Probability
Which statement about electrons in atomic orbital is NOT true?
A. An electron has the same amount of energy in all orbits
B. An orbital can contain an maximum of two electrons
C. An electron cloud represents all the orbitals and an Atom
D. An atom’s lowest energy level has only one orbital
Electron has the same amount of energy in all orbitals
What is the difference between Atom and the ground statement Atom an excited state?
A. The atom in the excited state has one more electrons and atom in the ground state
B. the atom in an excited state has 1 fewer electron than an atom in the ground state
C. the atom in an excited state has more energy and is less stable than the atom in the ground state
D. The atom in the ground state has less energy and it’s less stable than the atom in excited state
the atom in an excited state has more energy and is less stable than the atom in the ground state
according to ___ all matter was made up of four elements earth, air, fire, and water
Aristotle
unlike democritus, Aristotle did not believe that matter was composed of tiny, indivisible ___
atoms
John Dalton concluded that all the atoms of a single ___ have the same mass
element
The subatomic particle that JJ Thompson discovered has a ___ charge
positive
John Dalton observed that elements always combining the same ratio to form a particular ___
Compound
in Rutherford’s gold foil experiment shown in figure 4-1 alpha particles that bounce straight back from from the foil I’ll have struck ___ in the gold atoms
nuclei
in Rutherford’s gold foil experiment, some of the ___ ___ aimed at gold Adam bounced back, suggesting that a solid mass was the center of the atom
alpha particles
The results of Rutherford’s gold foil experiment demonstrated that the ___ occupies a very small amount of the total space incentives in Adam
nucleus
Protons and ___ are found int he nucleus of an atom
neutrons
Neutrons and ___ have a message saying
protons
If element Q has 11 protons, it’s atomic ___is 11
number
The nuclei of isotopes contain different numbers of ___
neutrons
The ___ ___ of the isotope is the sum of the number of protons neutrons in its nucleus
mass number
The difference between a sample of heavy water and regular water is that a hydrogen atom in heavy water has an extra ___
Neutron
In bohrs model of the atom ___ move in fixed orbits around the nucleus
electrons
When Adam gains or loses energy some of its ___ may move between energy levels
electrons
the moving blades in the airplane propeller provided an analogy for the electron ___ model
cloud
The region in which an app electron is most likely to be found is called a ___
orbital
When all the electrons an atom are in all the lowest possible energy the atom is in it ___ state
ground
And atom in which an electron has moved to higher energy level is in an ___ state
excited
Which of the three subatomic particles has the least mass
electrons
Most calcium atoms have an atomic number of 20 in the last number 40 put some calcium atoms has a mass number of 48 what work did you use to describe these two kinds of calcium atoms
isotopes
How does the state of atoms and the neon lights change when the light is emitted
From an excited state to a ground state
