science chapter 2-3 fill in the blank Flashcards
matter that always has exactly the same composition is classified as a _____ ______
pure substance
pure substances are either _____ or ______
element, compound
an element has a fixed composition because it contains only one type of _____
atom
the symbols for elements have either ____ or _____ letters
one, two
a compound can be made from two or more elements or other _____ joined together in a fixed composition
compound
the substances in a ______ mixture are evenly distributed throughout the mixture
homogenous
in an ______ mixture, the parts of the mixture are noticeably different from one another
heterogeneous
fresh milk is a suspension, but homogenized ilk is a _________
colloid
if the particles in a mixture scatter light, the mixture is either a _____ or a _____
suspension, colloid
based on the information in figure 2-1, the ___ point of gold is 1064.2 degrees C and the _____ point of gold is 2856.0 degrees C
melting, boiling
measuring _______ can be used to test the purity of some substances
density
if a spoon gets hot too quickly, when it is used to stir a pot of soup its probably made of _______
metal
a material used for electrical wiring would need to have good _______
conductivity
_______is a process that could be used to separate dissolved particles from the liquid in a solution
distillation
a _______ change occurs when a material changes shape or size but the composition of the material does not change
physical
_______ properties can be observed only when the substances in a sample of matter are changing into different substances
chemical
rust forms because iron and oxygen are highly _______ elements
reactive
a solid that forms and separates from a liquid mixture is a _______
precipitates
a cake rises as it bakes because a chemical change causes _______ to be produced
gas
when a metal changes color it has been heated, a _______ change occurred. when a metal changes color because it has reacted with another substance, a _______
physical, chemical
a _______ has a definite volume and a definite shape
solid
the state of matter that exists only at extremely low temperatures is called a bose-einstein _______
condensate
materials can be classified as solids, liquids, or gases based on whether their shapes and _______ are definite or variable
volumes
a material with a shape that remains unchanged when it is moved from on container to another is a _______
solid
the _______ theory of matter states that all particles of matter are in constant motion
kinetic
the motion of one particle of a gas is unaffected by the motion of other particles of the gas unless the particles _______
collide
_______ between the particles of a gas and the walls of the container cause pressure in a closed container of gas
collions
the pascal is the SI unit for _______
pressure
reducing the volume of gas _______ its pressure if the _______ of the gas and the number of particles are constant
increases , temperature
a graph representing Charles law shows that the _______ of a gas increases at the same rate as the _______ of the gas
temperature, volume
the combined gas law describes the relationship among the _______, _______, and _______ of a gas when the number of particles is constant
pressure, volume, temperature
if you’re using charles law to find volume of a gas at a certain temperature, the temperature must be expressed in _______
kelvin
if you know the volume and pressure of a gas and the pressure changes, you can find the new pressure by multiplying P1 by V1 and _______ this number by V2
dividing
the phase change that is the reverse of deposition is _______
sublimation
at sea level, water _______ at 100 degrees C
boils
when water boils, some of its molecules have enough _______ _______ to overcome the attraction of neighboring molecules
kinetic energy
during vaporization, a substance changes from a _______ to a _______
liquid, gas
evaporation is the process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the substances _______ point
boiling
during a _______ change, a system absorbs energy from its surroundings
endothermic
