Science Chapter 3

Question 1

Who observed cork under the microscope and saw tiny chambers he called cells

Answer 1

Robert Hooke

Question 2

Who was the first person to observe microorganisms.

Answer 2

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

Question 3

What are the Three parts of the Cell theory?

Answer 3

All living things are made up of cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things. New cells are produced from existing cells.

Question 4

Two Types of Microscopes.

Answer 4

Light and Electron Microscopes.

Question 5

What type of microscope uses a beam of light to pass through a specimen and uses two lenses to form an image.

Answer 5

light microscope.

Question 6

Two types of Electron Microscopes

Answer 6

TEM, and SEM

Question 6

What microscope uses beams of electrons focused on magnetic fields to magnify?

Answer 6

Electron Microscope

Question 7

Beams of electrons that can only pass through extremely thin slices so images are flat and 2d.

Answer 7

Transmission electron microscope

Question 8

A beam of electrons is scattered over the surface, so images are 3d

Answer 8

scanning electron microscopes

Question 9

a photo of an object seen through a microscope

Answer 9

micrograph

Question 10

small, no nucleus, no membrane bound organelles, single circular DNA.

Answer 10

Prokaryotes

Question 11

Larger, has nucleus, has membrane bound organelles, includes DNA with multiple chromosomes. Ex Plants and Animals.

Answer 11

Eukaryotes

Question 12

eukaryotic cell, doesn’t have chloroplast, has cell wall

Answer 12

animal cell

Question 13

Small structures inside a cell that have specific functions

Answer 13

organelles

Question 14

doesn’t have cell wall, eukaryotic, has bigger vacuole.

Answer 14

plant cell

Question 15

Substance that wants water

Answer 15

hydrophilic

Question 16

process where molecules that cannot directly diffuse across the membrane pass through special membrane proteins. Protein channels only let certain things through

Answer 16

facilitated diffusion.

Question 16

hydrophobic

Answer 16

doesn’t want water

Question 17

Requires no energy

Answer 17

Passive energy

Question 18

Process where particles move from an area of high concentration to low concentration

Answer 18

diffusion

Question 19

Movement of water through a selected permeable membrane

Answer 19

osmosis

Question 20

The concentration of solutes in the same inside and outside of the cell

Answer 20

isotonic

Question 21

requires energy, moves from low to high concentration

Answer 21

active transport

Question 21

the solution has a lower concentration of solute than the cell

Answer 21

hypotonic

Question 21

the solution has a higher concentration than the cell

Answer 21

hypertonic

Question 22

taking materials into the cell

Answer 22

endocytosis

Question 23

cell release materials

Answer 23

exocytosis

Question 24

organisms with one cell

Answer 24

unicellular organisms

Question 25

organisms with two or more cells

Answer 25

multicellular organisms

Question 26

Protection; regulates entrance and exit of substances; prokaryote and eukaryote; found in both animal and plant cells

Answer 26

cell membrane

Question 27

Cell-Tissue-Organ-Organ System

Answer 27

Cells in a large organism communicate by means of chemical signals that are passed from one cell to another

Question 28

is prokaryote and eukaryote; found in plant and animal cells; supports organelles; jelly made of water

Answer 28

cytoplasm

Question 29

is a prokaryote and eukaryote; found in plant and animal cells; deals with protein synthesis

Answer 29

ribosome

Question 30

found in eukaryote cells; found in both plant and animal cells; has ribosomes on surface.

Answer 30

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 31

found in eukaryote cells; found in both animal and plant cell; helps the cell maintain its shape

Answer 31

cytoskeleton

Question 32

found in eukaryote cells; found in both plant and animal cells; contains DNA that tells cell what to do.

Answer 32

nucleus

Question 33

found in eukaryote cells; found in both animal and plant cells: stores nutrients

Answer 33

vacuole

Question 33

found in eukaryote cells; found in both animal and plant cells; has no ribosomes on surface and deals with lipid synthesis

Answer 33

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 34

found in eukaryote cells; found in both plant and animal cells; packages the materials

Answer 34

golgi bodies

Question 35

found in eukaryote cells; found in both plant and animal cells; provides cell with energy

Answer 35

mitochondria

Question 35

found in eukaryote cells; only in animal cells; digests things

Answer 35

lysosome

Question 36

found in eukaryote cells; only found in animal cells; aid in cell division

Answer 36

centrosome/centrioles

Question 37

found in eukaryote cells; only found in plant cells; protection and maintains shape

Answer 37

cell wall

Question 38

found in eukaryote cells; only found in plant cells; absorbs energy from sun

Answer 38

chloroplast

Question 39

found in eukaryote cells; found only in plant cells; stores water

Answer 39

central vacuole