Science Chapter 2B Study Guide Flashcards
What is a solution? Know and define the two parts of a solution.
A uniform mixture, the two parts
Solvent: Substance that dissolves the solute
Solute: The substance that is dissolved
What is dissolving?
The process by which one substance is broken up into smaller pieces usually ions, by another substance
What is an acid? Base?
Acid: A substance that dissolves in water to form hydrogen ions
Base: substance that dissolves in water to form a hydroxide ion
What is diffusion?
Diffusion: dispersion of substances through Brownian motion alone
Know and define the two parts of a chemical reaction.
Reactants: the chemicals we start with
Products: The chemicals we end up with
Differences between an endothermic and exothermic reaction.
Exothermic reaction: releases a lot of thermal and light energy( energy is a product)
Endothermic reaction: energy is put into the reaction(energy is a reactant)
What is activation energy?
Energy needed to start both Exo and Endothermic reactions
Why is it bad that some chemical reactions require high activation energy in living things? How do we overcome this problem? Be specific in your answer
Because it does not have a lot of enzymes which are used to lower the activation energy, this is a problem because it can injure or damage tissue in the organism. We can overcome this by having more enzymes help slow down the activation energy.
inhibitor?
Inhibitor: substance used to reduce a catalyst’s undesirable effects
active site
Active Site: were molecules attach to the enzyme
substrate,
Substrate: The molecule that attaches to the active site on the enzyme
enzyme,
Enzyme: special class of catalysts occurring in living things
What is a catalyst,
Catalyst: A substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction, speeds it up!
