Science Chapter 2 Flashcards
STUDY
Conquistador
A Spanish explorer who claimed lands in America for Spain
Pueblo
A town in the Spanish colonies; A village or town of the Anasazi or other American Indian groups in the American southwest.
Presidio
A fort where soldiers lived in the Spanish colonies
Peninsular
A person from Spain who held a position of power in a Spanish colony
Mission
A religious settlement run by catholic priests and friars; A settlement that aims to spread a religion to a new area.
Creole
A person born in Spain’s American colonies to Spanish parents.
Mestizo
In Spain’s American colonies, a person of mixed Spanish and Indian back round.
Northwest Passage
A waterway through or around North America.
Corers De Bois
A French colonist who lived in the lands beyond French settlements as a fur trapper.
Alliance
An agreement between nations to aid and protect one another.
Charter
A legal document giving certain rights to a person or colony.
Burgess
A representative to the colonial Virginia government.
Representative government
A political system in which voters elect representatives to make laws for them.
Bacon’s Rebellion
in 1676 Revolt of Virginia colonists against the colony’s government
Pilgrim
An English settler who sought religious freedom in the Americas in the 1600s
Mayflower compact
A 1620 agreement for ruling the Plymouth compact
Puritan
A group of English protestants who settled the Massachusetts Bay colony.
General Court
The deleted representative assembly of the Massachusetts Bay colony.
Religious Tolerance
The willingness to let others practice their own beliefs
Town Meeting
The meeting in colonial New England where settlers discussed and voted on local government matters.
Proprietary Colony
An English colony in with the King gaveled to proprietors in exchange for a yearly payment
Royal Colony
A colony under direct control of the English crown.
Quacker
Protestant reformers who believe in the equality of all people
Pennsylvania Dutch
German-Speaking protestants who settled in Pennsylvania
Cash Crop
A crop sold for money at market
Act of Toleration
A 1694 Maryland law that provided religious freedom for all Christians
Indigo
A plant used to make valuable, blue dye.
Debtor
A person who cannot pay money he or she owns
Slave Code
Laws that controlled the lives of enslaved Africans and African Americans and denied them basic rights.
Racism
The belief that one race is superior to another.
Gentry
The highness social class in English colonies
Middle class
In the English colonies, a class that included skilled craft workers, farmers, and some trade people.
Great awakening
A religious movement in the English colonies in the mid 1700s, also known as the first great awakening
Apprentice
A person who learns a trade or craft from a master.
Dame School
A school run by women, usually in their own homes.
Enlightenment
The movement in Europe in the 1600s and 1700s, that emphasizes the use of reason.
Libel
The act of publishing a statement that may unjustly damage a persons reputation.
Mercantilism
The theory that a nations economic strength came from selling more than it bought from the nations.
Export
A trade product sent to markets outside of a country
Import
Trade products brought into a country
Navigation acts
A series of English laws beginning in the 1650s that regulated trade between England and its colonies.
Yankee
A nickname for New Englanders
Triangular trade
The colonial trade route between New England, Africa, and the West Indies
Legislator
A group of people, usually elected, who have the power to make laws.
Glorious revolution
In 1688, the movement that brought Willian and Mary to the throne of England and strengthened the rights of English citizens
Bill of Rights
The first ten amendments to the United States Constitution
English Bill of Rights
a 1689 document that guaranteed the rights of English citizens.
Gullah
A combination of English and West African languages spoken by African Americans in South Carolina and Georgia.
