Science Benchmark PT.1 Flashcards
What Is Surface Tension
When water’s surface acts like a skin caused by the cohesion of molecules.
What is Capillary action
Upward movement of water through tiny spaces due to adhesion.
What is Cohesion
Ability of water molecules to stick to other water molecules.
What is Adhesion
Ability of water to stick to other surfaces.
What is Precipitation
Any liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls back to Earth
What is Condensation
The process by which water vapor becomes liquid
Why does ice float?
When water freezes its volume increases making it less dense that the liquid water.
Why does a meniscus form?
The water molecules adhere to the glass walls.
What is meant by water being a “polar” molecule?
Water has a slight positive charge on the H side and a slight negative charge on the oxygen side.
How is magma different than lava?
Magma is molten material inside of Earth, lava is molten material at the Earth’s surface.
Which type of rock can contain fossils? Why?
Only sedimentary rocks because organisms can be preserved in sediment under certain conditions. Metamorphic and igneous rocks would be crushed.
What is the relationship between crystal size and cooling rate of magma?
The longer it takes the cool the larger the crystals can grow. The faster it cools the smaller the crystals.
What is foliation? Which type of rock has this as a characteristic?
Foliation is the banded pattern in a rock. This is characteristic of a metamorphic rock.
How does an Igneous rock form?
Magma solidifying
How does a Sedimentary rock form?
Sediments being cemented together under pressure.
How does a Metamorphic rock form?
Intense heat and pressure.
What is a half life?
The time it take for half of a radioactive substance to decay into a more stable substance.
What is the percentage of C-14 remaining after 2 half lives? (Hint: answer should be in a percentage or fraction).
100% 1 half life = 50% 2 half lives = 25% or 1/4
What is the percentage of C-14 remaining after 3 half lives?
3 half lives = 12.5% or 1/8
