Science Basic Chemistry

Question 1

Atoms

Answer 1

The basic unit of matter

Question 2

Molecules

Answer 2

Groups of atoms bonded together

Question 3

What are the four macromolecules?

Answer 3

Carbohydrates, lipids (fat), proteins, nucleic acid (DNA, RNA)

Question 4

What molecules are in living things?

Answer 4

Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon (HONC)

Question 5

How many bonds are in each molecule (HONC)

Answer 5

H=1, O=2, N=3, C=4

Question 6

Why do atoms bond?

Answer 6

Due to an interaction between their electrons

Question 7

Are the properties of individual atoms the same as the properties of molecules?

Answer 7

No.
Ex: Hydrogen at room temperature is a gas and so is oxygen but when the two are combined (H2O), it is a liquid at room temperature (water)

Question 8

What moves through reservoirs?

Answer 8

Elements on Earth

Question 9

What are some reservoirs?

Answer 9

Solid earth, oceans, atmosphere, organisms

Question 10

What is a reservoir?

Answer 10

A place where matter is stored

Question 11

What cycle is the reservoirs part of?

Answer 11

Biogeochemical cycle

Question 12

What is a biogeochemical cycle?

Answer 12

Matter cycles through Earth and life, matter flows from one reservoir to another in a biogeochemical cycle

Question 13

Can elements be created or destroyed?

Answer 13

No, but they can be combined in different ways

Question 14

What does matter cycle between?

Answer 14

Biotic and abiotic factors

Question 15

When HONC is combined, what do these elements make

Answer 15

The molecules carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

Question 16

Can elements on earth be changed?

Answer 16

No, they exist in fixed (unchanged) amounts and are located in various chemical reservoirs.

Question 17

What are the cyclical movement of matter between reservoirs driven by?

Answer 17

Earth’s internal and external sources of energy

Question 18

What would happen if there was no driving source?

Answer 18

The cycle would stop

Question 19

What are the driving forces?

Answer 19

Sunlight, gravity, internal energy of Earth

Question 20

What states of matter is water transformed into?

Answer 20

Gas, liquid, solid

Question 21

Is water ever used up?

Answer 21

No

Question 22

What are the water processes?

Answer 22

Evaporation, condensation, transpiration, runoff, precipitation, freezing, absorption/drinking, melting

Question 23

What are the reservoirs of water?

Answer 23

Snow caps, oceans, lakes, stream, organism, atmosphere, ground

Question 24

What sources of energy drive the water cycle?

Answer 24

Solar energy and gravity

Question 25

What causes the carbon yo cycle through major earths reservoirs?

Answer 25

Chemical and physical processes.

Question 26

What source of energy drives the carbon cycle?

Answer 26

Solar energy

Question 27

How does sediment form?

Answer 27

Erosion

Question 28

What does sedimentary rocks form from?

Answer 28

Sediment by the process of compaction.

Question 29

What drives the rock cycle?

Answer 29

Internal energy of earth?

Question 30

What processes are used in the rock cycle?

Answer 30

Compaction, melting, heat and pressure, erosion, and cooling.

Question 31

What precedes are used in the carbon cycle?

Answer 31

Photosynthesis, respiration, burning, decomposition, compaction, eruption, consumption, fossil fuel formation.