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Term 2 Form 4 > Science Atoms etc > Flashcards

Science Atoms etc Flashcards

1
Q

What is an Isotope

A
  • It is where the atoms of an element have the same number of protons but different neutrons.
  • Isotopes have same atomic number different mass

eg carbon has three isotopes: carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14. Carbon-12 has 6 neutrons, carbon-13 has 7 neutrons, and carbon-14 has 8 neutrons, but all three isotopes have 6 protons in their nuclei, making them all carbon atoms.

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2
Q

What is a molecule

A

A collection of 2 or more atoms

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3
Q

What is a Neutron

A

Uncharged subatomic particle of an atom

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4
Q

What observations when burn magnesium

A

Gives off heat
Burns bright
White powder
Fast Reaction

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5
Q

What is a valence electron

A

They are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom, determining its chemical properties and bonding behavior.

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6
Q

What is metalic bonding

A
  • Metallic bonding occurs when a group of metal atoms share valence electrons.
  • The electrons that can move freely between the metal ions.
  • These shared electron makes metals good conductors of electricity and heat
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7
Q

What makes metal malleable

A
  • Because electrons free to move
  • When a force is applied, the free electrons help the metal atoms slide past each other without breaking the bonds.
  • This allows the metal to change shape without fracturing,
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8
Q

What is an Ion

A
  • Ions are charged particles.
  • It is an atom that has lost or gained an electron
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9
Q

Where are protons found?

A

In the nucleus - they cannot be gained or lost

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10
Q

What is a covalent bond

A
  • A covalent bond is a type of chemical bond that forms when two non metal atoms share pairs of electron
  • Sharing of electrons creates a strong bond that holds the atoms together to form molecules.
  • They remain neutral
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11
Q

What are anions

A
  • Negative Ions

Examples include chloride ions (Cl⁻), oxide ions (O²⁻), and nitride ions (N³⁻).

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12
Q

Where are metals and non-metals placed on the periodic table

A
  • Metals on left
  • Non metals on right
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13
Q

Why are metals good conductors of electricity?

A

Because they have free-moving electrons that can carry electric charge easily.

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14
Q

What 2 metals have most violent reaction?

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A

Potassium and Sodium

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15
Q

What 3 metals do not react?

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A

Copper Silver Gold

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16
Q

In an atom what is uncharged?

A

Neutron

17
Q

How is the periodic table ordered?

A

In order of atomic number and those with similar properties /reactivity properties

18
Q

If the electron arrangement is 2,8 what is the symbol. And what is the characteristic of this element/

A

Ne
Full outer shell of electrons

19
Q

If you react magnesium with hydrochloric acid what gas will be collected

A

Hydrogen

20
Q

If you lit hydrogen - what would you expect to happen?

A

Pop and red flash of light

21
Q

How do you calculate the number of neutrons?

A
  • You subtract the number of protons (which is the atomic number) from the mass number.
  • The mass number represents the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
22
Q

What is an element

A

A substance with only one type of atom

23
Q

How do the phyiscal properties of elements differ?

A

Boiling point, heat, electrical conductivity, solid, liquid, gas

24
Q

How is Periodic Table organised

A

Smallest to biggest

25
Q

What is atomic number

A

The smallest number in atom box and = the number of protons

26
Q

How do you calculate neutrons

A

Take away Protons (the atomic number) with the mass

27
Q

What does Mass number represent?

A

Protons and neutrons in that element

28
Q

What does diatomic mean and what are the 7 elements

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A
  • Diatomic simply means that a molecule is made up of two atoms of the same element bonded together
  • They never want to be alone
  1. Hydrogen (H2)
  2. Nitrogen (N2)
  3. Fluorine (F2)
  4. Oxygen (O2)
  5. Iodine (I2)
  6. Chlorine (Cl2)
  7. Bromine (Br2)
29
Q

What a the qualities of a metal?

A

Shiny
High melting points
Good conductors of electricity
Good conductors of heat
High density
Malleable

30
Q

What is symbol for Sodium

A

Na

31
Q

What is symbol for Copper

A

Cu

32
Q

What is symbol for Iron

A

Fe

33
Q

What is symbol for Silver

A

Ag

34
Q

What is symbol for Mercury

A

Hg

35
Q

What is chemical formula for Sodium Chloride

A

NaCl

36
Q

How do the phyiscal properties of elements differ?

A

Boiling point, heat, electrical conductivity, solid, liquid, gas

Term 2 Form 4 (9 decks)

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