Science and Technology in the Society Flashcards
Filipino scientists
were mostly
interested on
animal and plant
systems
Spanish Period
its opening in 1869 shortened the route
from the Philippines to
Europe
Suez Canal
Filipinos were able to study
in Europe and observed or
became oriented to the
rapid succession of scientific
activities
Spanish Period
Darwin’s theory of evolution
1859
Mendel’s law of heredity
1866
invention of telephone
1875
Filipino Scientists known in the field of Botany
Fr. Ignacio
Mercado, Dr.
Trinidad Pardo de
Tavera, and Dr.
Leon Ma. Guerrero
Filipino Scientist known in the field of Chemistry
Chemistry
Filipino Scientists known in the field of Medicine
Dr. Manuel Guerrero,
Dr. Jose Montes, and
Dr. Elrodario Mercado
recommended the replacement of military government with a civil government and
establishment of free
public educational
system in the country
Schurman
Commission
The Schurman Commission recommended the establishment of _______ in the country
free public educational
system
Who led the Schurman
Commission?
Jacob Gould Schurman
started the gradual Filipinization of the
government and
encouraged education
in preparation for self-government
Taft Commission
who led the taft commission
William Howard Taft
Philippine public
school system
was established
in
1901
How many Thomasites
were recruited during the American Occupation?
765
Insular Bureau of
Agriculture and Bureau
of Government
Laboratories were
established
American Occupation
a zoology professor at the
University of Michigan
and a strong advocate
of science who authored the “Insular Bureau of
Agriculture and Bureau
of Government
Laboratories”
Dean Worcester
The Philippine Commission
expanded and this Filipino Dr. was included
Dr. Trinidad Pardo de Tavera
The Bureau of Government Laboratories was reorganized into the _____ in 1905
Bureau of Science
Quality research works were produced necessitating the creation of _________ in 1906
the Philippine
Journal of Science
In 1906, the Bureau of
Science was made the
custodian of the _____ in the country
International Standards of
Weights and Measurements
It was established during the American Occupation in
1908, followed by the
College of Agriculture in Los
Baños
University of the
Philippines
replaced the Philippine Commission with the House of Representatives, wholly
composed of Filipinos
Jones Law (The Philippine
Autonomy Act)
Downtrend of the Bureau of
Science began (transferred to
the Department of Agriculture
and Natural Resources (DANR)
Jones Law (The Philippine
Autonomy Act)
Shift of emphasis from health
and sanitation to the study of
the country’s natural resources
Jones Law (The Philippine
Autonomy Act)
Growth of science slowed
down (decrease number of
articles in PJS and poor quality)
Jones Law (The Philippine
Autonomy Act)
caused further losses to the
bureau, which resulted to
retrenchment, loss of several
divisions, reduced budget, and
brain drain
The world recession
Regulation, analysis, and
branding of commercial
fertilizer; Control, checking, advertising,
labeling or branding of any
business and commercial
commodities
Bureau of Science’s new
functions
In 1933-1934 what took place?
a general
reorganization
Bureau of Agriculture was split
into 2, what are those?
Bureau of Plants and
the Bureau of Animal Industry
DANR became the _____
Department of Agriculture and Commerce
The Division of Mineral
Resources was converted into
the
Bureau of Mines
Main thrust during the early years
was on
public health and nutrition
Scientist who did a research on uses of agricultural products: medicinal plants
Edwardo
Quisumbing
Scientist who did a research on uses of agricultural products: solation and elucidation of natural
products
Alfredo Santos
Scientist who did a research on uses of agricultural products: essential oils used as food flavors and
fragrance
Luz Olivares Belardo
Scientist who did a research on uses of agricultural products: coconut as renewable source of fuel
Julius Banzon
Focused efforts on improving
the breed of basic crops,
livestock and poultry
The College of Agriculture
Father of the Poultry
Industry in the Philippines,
wrote 500 scientific articles
during his lifetime
Dr. Francisco
Fronda
Who was the president
when the war between Japan and
the US broke out in 1941?
Manuel L. Quezon
Toyo and vinegar were produced
The War Years
coconut was converted into coco
jam and cooking oil
The War Years
became the first president of the Republic during the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Period
Manuel Roxas
Was provided for free trade relations between the Philippines and the US until 1954
Bell Trade Relations Act
This gives the Americans the right
to dispose of, exploit, develop,
and utilize all agricultural, timber,
and mineral lands of the country
Bell Trade Relations Act
Bureau of Science was converted to
the _______ and placed
under the office of the President during the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
Period
Institute of Science
Filipino scientists directed their efforts
toward the solution of the country’s
problems and needs
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
Period
Conversion of coconut oil into ethyl
alcohol
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
Period
fermentation of cassava
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
Period
indigenous raw materials and
recycled food were used as animal
feed, etc
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
Period
The gradual Filipinization of the
government resulted in several
negative effects on the
develop
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
Period
Reorganization led to loss of records
(no clear understanding of the roles
and functions of different offices)
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
Period
There was rampant graft, corruption
and inefficiency of the government
due to unqualified officials
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
Period
The budget for the Bureau of
Science for its research and other
scientific activities was at the mercy
of its department secretary
(operating with a low budget led to
the bureau soliciting foreign aid
through scientific projects)
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
Period
He desperately sought the help of
the US
President Elpidio Quirino
an economic survey mission proposed by President Truman
Bell Mission
Institute of Science was
renamed __________ and placed
under the National Economic
Coordination (funding became
favorable) during the The Quirino Administration
Institute of Science
and Technology
Philippine economy
flourished
The Quirino Administration
Crop production from 1946-
1956 increased by 100%
The Quirino Administration
Livestock and poultry
production likewise
improved
The Quirino Administration
The demands for lumber and
timber greatly increased due
to rehabilitation and
reconstruction programs
The Quirino Administration
He directed all his efforts to the
upliftment of the rural people
President Ramon Magsaysay
Improved land reform system
and provided easy-term credit and
facilities
The Magsaysay Administration
Constructed roads and
buildings for the masses
The Magsaysay Administration
Provided technical advice for
farmers on farm management
and intensive development
The Magsaysay Administration
Was extended under the Bell Trade Act
the duty-free trade
Highest number of scientists, as
well as scientific works occurred in
1956
The Magsaysay Administration
The RA which
granted special privileges to
scientists and inventors
RA No. 1237
organized the
Division of Plant Breeding, the
Philippine Seed Board, the
National Rice and Corn
Cooperative Movement Program
Dioscoro Umal
