Literature Midterms Flashcards
1
Q
literature was oral, funny and entertaining
A
Pre-Colonial Period
2
Q
Early Filipinos wrote on clay, barks of trees, leaves, and bamboo tubes, using knives and other pointed instruments for pens, and the sap of certain trees and sooth for ink.
A
Pre-Colonial Period
3
Q
First Filipino alphabet consisting 17 symbols: 3 for vowels and 14 for consonants
A
Alibata (Baybayin)
4
Q
2 types of Literary Genres
A
Folk Narratives & Early Poetry
5
Q
types of Folk Narratives
A
Myth, Legend, Fables, Folktales
6
Q
a traditional story about heroes or supernatural beings, often attempting to explain the origins of natural phenomena or aspects of human behaviour.
A
Myth
7
Q
traditional narrative the common theme of which is about the origin of a thing, place, location or name. Events are imaginary, devoid of truth and unbelievable. Filipino customs are reflected in these legends.
A
Legend
8
Q
a short allegorical tale with a moral, especially one in which the characters are animals.
A
Fables
9
Q
made up of stories about life, adventure, love, horror and humour where one can derive lessons about life. They usually help us appreciate our environment, evaluate our personalities and improve our perspectives in life.
A
Folktales
10
Q
Types of Early Poetry
A
Riddles, Proverbs, Chants, Sayings, Sawikain, Folk Songs, Epics
11
Q
made up of one or more measured lines with rhyme and many consist of four to twelve syllables.
A
Riddles
12
Q
terse statements of practical wisdom based on long experience and observations about life.
A
Proverbs
13
Q
used in witchcraft or enchantment.
A
Chants
14
Q
often used in teasing or to comment on a person’s actuations.
A
Sayings
15
Q
sayings with no hidden meanings
A
Sawikain
16
Q
one of the oldest forms of Philippine literature that mirrors the early forms of culture.
A
Folk Songs
17
Q
long narrative poems in w/c a series of heroic achievements or events, usually a hero, are dealt with at length.
A
Epics
18
Q
It was introduced in the Philippines by the Dominicans in 1593.
A
Printing
19
Q
The first Filipino alphabet called ALIBATA was replaced by the
A
Roman alphabet
20
Q
became the literary language during the Spanish Period that lent many of its words to our language.
A
Spanish Language
21
Q
The teachings of this became the basis of religious practices
A
Christian Doctrine
22
Q
1st book printed in the Philippines in 1593 in xylography
A
Ang Doctrina Christiana (The Christian Doctrine)
23
Q
Ang Doctrina Christiana (The Christian Doctrine) was written by
A
Fr. Juan de Placencia and Fr. Domingo Nieva
24
Q
2nd book printed in the Philippines containing the biographies of saints, novena, and questions and answers on religion.
A
Nuestra Senora de Rosario
25
first book printed in typography.
Libro de los Cuatro Postoprimera Hombre
26
biblical story printed in the Phils and is believed to be the 1st tagalong novel published in the Philippines even if it is only a translation.
Ang Barlaan at Josephat
27
a book about the life and sufferings of Jesus Christ
The Pasion
28
Chanters may take ____ nights singing the Pasion (Pasyon) with chanters taking turns in shifts of _____ hours each.
2-4, 3-4
29
These are letters between 2 sisters Urbana at Felisa & has influenced greatly the behavior of people in society because the letters dealt with good behaviour.
Urbana at Feliza
30
the Father of Classic Prose in Tagalog and the one who wrote the book "Urbana at Feliza"
Modesto de Castro
31
Collection of songs praising the Virgin Mary written by Fr. Mariano Sevilla, a Filipino priest. Popular especially during the Maytime “Flores de Mayo” festival.
Ang Mga Dalit kay Maria
32
Poetry in Spanish Period
The Pasyon, Metrical Romances, Ladino Poems and Folk Songs
33
Metrical Romances
Awit and Corrido
34
They are fabricated stories from writers’ imagination although the setting and characters are Europeans. They refer to chanting and are set in dodecasyllabic verse.
Awit
35
They were usually based on European legends or tales. They refer to narration and are set in octosyllabic verse
Corrido
36
were the first Tagalog versifiers who saw print, natives who were highly literate in both Spanish and the vernacular
Ladinos
37
consisted mostly of didactic pieces and translations of religious writings in foreign languages, such as novenas and biographies of saints,...and the linguistic works of the friar-lexicographers and grammarians.
Prose
38
Type of Religious and Recreational Plays
Panunuluyan, Cenaculo, Salubong/Panubong, Tibag, Carillo (Shadow Play), Zarzuela/Sarswela, Sainete
39
tagalog version of the Mexican posadas. It is held on the eve of Christmas. It dramatizes Joseph and Mary’s search for lodging in Bethlehem.
Panunuluyan
40
dramatization of the passion and death of Jesus Christ.
Cenaculo
41
2 kinds of Cenaculo
Cantada & Hablada
42
An Easter play that dramatizes the meeting of the Risen Christ and His Mother.
Salubong/Panubong
43
depicts St. Helena/Elena’s search for the cross on which Christ died.
Tibag (excavate)
44
dramatic entertainment performed on a moonless night during a town fiesta or on dark nights after harvest.
Carillo(Shadow Play)
45
considered the father of the drama
Zarzuela/Sarswela
46
short musical comedy popular during 18th century. It is also an exaggerated comedy depicting scenes from everyday life with rustic or lower-class figures as characters
Sainete
47
story of Longinus, a Roman soldier who was beheaded for proclaiming his belief in Christ and spreading in the community the miracle of the resurrection of Christ
The Moriones
48
comedia showing how the Mohammedans were defeated by some Divine Intercession and converted to Christianity.
The Moro-moro
49
a poetic vehicle of a socio-religious nature celebrated during the death of a person. It comes from an old legendary practice of testing the mettle of young men vying for a maiden’s hand. The maiden’s ring, or any precious piece of jewelry, would be dropped into the sea, & the suitors would dive for it. Whoever retrieved it would have the girl’s hand in marriage.
Karagatan
50
replaced the Karagatan and considered as the forerunner of balagtasan. It is a poetic joust in speaking and reasoning. The performers consists of two teams.
Duplo
51
Young women performers of duplo
Dupleras or belyakes
52
Young men performers of duplo
Dupleros or belyakos
53
An elderly man who presides over the proceedings.
the harii
54
poetic joust or a contest of skills in debate on a particular topic or issue.
Balagtasan
55
chant in free verse by a bereaved person beside the corpse of the dead
Dung-aw
56
The Propagandists of the Rebellious Period
1. Dr. Jose P. Rizal,
2. Marcelo H. Del Pilar
3. Graciano Lopez Jaena
4. Mariano Ponce
5. Pedro Paterno
57
A propagandist who's pen names were Laong Laan and Dimasalang.
Dr. Jose P. Rizal (Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado Alonzo y Realonda)
58
It is considered a novel of society
Noli Me Tangere
59
Known as a novel of politics
El Filibusterismo
60
considered by critics as his poetic masterpiece. It is a poem he wrote while he was incarcerated at Fort Santiago
Mi Ultimo Adios (My Last Farewell)
61
an essay on the so-called Filipino indolence and an evaluation of the reasons for such allegations.
Sobre La Indolencia De Los Filipinos (On the Indolence of the Filipino
62
a poem Rizal dedicated to the Filipino youth studying at UST.
A La Juventud Filipina (To the Filipino Youth)
63
written by Rizal when he was 14 years of age.
Junto Al Pasig (Beside the Pasig River)
64
A propagandist who's pen names were Plaridel, Pudpoh, Piping Dilat, and Dolores Manapat.
Marcelo H. Del Pilar
65
translated from the Spanish Amor Patria of Rizal
Pagibig sa Tinubuang Lupa
66
a humorous & sarcastic dig in answer to Fr. Jose Rodriguez in the novel Noli of Rizal. He used Dolores Manapat as pen name here
Kaiingat Kayo
67
similar to cathecism but sarcastically done against the parish priests. Because of this, del Pilar was called a ‘filibuster’
Dasalan at Tocsohan
68
this poem is answer to that of Hermenigildo Flores’ Hibik sa Pilipina
Sagot sa Espanya sa Hibik ng Pilipinas
69
He founded La Solidaridad in Barcelona.
Graciano Lopez Jaena
70
71
a novellete in Hiligaynon. It is a satire about a pot bellied, abusive, and immoral friar.
Fray Botod
72
Jaena explains the tragedy of marrying a Spaniard.
La Hija Del Fraile and Everything is Hambug
73
A propagandist who's pen names were Kalipulako, Tikbalang, and Naning.
Mariano Ponce
74
Wrote the 1st social novel in Spanish by a Filipino
Pedro Paterno
75
1st social novel in Spanish by a Filipino
Ninay
76
a collection of
Pedro Paterno's poems.
Sampaguitas y Poesias Varias (Sampaguita and Varied Poems)
77
Writers of Active Revolution Period
1. Andres Bonifacio
2. Emilio Jacinto
3. Apolinario Mabini
4. Jose Palma
78
the Father of Filipino Democracy and the Father of the Katipunan
Andres Bonifacio
79
an outline of obligations just like the 10 commandments of God.
Katungkulang Gagawin ng mga Anak ng Bayan
80
translation of Mi Ultimo Adios of Rizal in Tagalog
Huling Paalam
81
Brains of the Katipunan and an editor of Kalayaan
Emilio Jacinto
82
Katipunan’s newspaper
Kalayaan
83
A primer book on the Katipunan
Kartilya ng Katipunan
84
a collection of essays on different subjects like freedom, work, faith, government, love of country
Liwanag at Dilim
85
A masterpiece of Emilio Jacinto
A La Patria (To My Country)
86
known as the Sublime Paralytic and the Brains of the Revolution
Apolinario Mabini
87
A masterpiece of Apolinario Mabini and his aim here was to propagate the spirit of nationalism
El Verdadero Decalogo
88
best known as the author of the lyrics of the national anthem
Jose Palma
89
This ended the Spanish occupation
The Treaty of Paris (1898)
90
As early as 1900 President Mckinley’s instructions made this an official language of the country.
English
91
American teachers arrived on the army transport Thomas in 1901
Thomasites
92
Year when the Philippines Free Press was founded.
1905
93
was used as protest material during the early portion of American regime.
Zarzuela
94
3 groups of writers contributed to Philippine Literature during the American period.
Literature in Spanish
Filipino Literature
Philippine Literature in English
95
pseudonyms were ‘Fulvis Gil’ and ‘Gil Rosas’
Fernando Ma. Guerrero
96
collection of Fernando Ma. Guerrero's verses which was published in 1914.
Crisalidas (Chrysalis)
97
wrote poems dedicated to Rizal, Jacinto, Mabini and all other heroes but his poem dedicated to Rizal is considered the best poem in praise of the hero of Bagumbayan.
Cecilio Apostol
98
pen name was Batikuling. He was elected Poet Laureate in Spanish besting Manuel Bernabe. His stories are on fallen women, decadent living, the corruption of man, and hypocrisy in society.
Jesus Balmori
99
president of the First Constitutional Convention in 1935. He wrote verses which were later compiled in Bajo los Cocoteros
Claro M. Recto
100
3 Kinds of Tagalog Poets
Poets of the Heart (Makata ng Puso)
Poets of Life (Makata ng Buhay)
Poets of the Stage
101
Poets of the Heart
Lope K. Santos
Inigo Ed. Regalado
Jose Corazon de Jesus
Amado V. Hernandez
Mar Antonio
102
Father of the National Language Grammar. He was also called the ‘Apo’ of the Tagalog writers.
Lope K. Santos
103
known as Huseng Batute and was called the Poet of Love in his time
Jose Corazon de Jesus
104
Poets of Life
1. Lope K. Santos
2. Florante Collantes
3. Jose Corazon de Jesus
4. Amado V. Hernandez
105
known as Makata ng mga Manggagawa
Amado V. Hernandez
106
Poets of the Stage
Aurelio Tolentino
Patricio Mariano
Severino Reyes
107
The theater in the Philippines was very much alive at the end of the 19th century. Comedias and zarzuelas were performed almost every week.
Drama
108
Father of the Tagalog drama & author of the immortal Walang Sugat and is known as Lola Basyang
Severino Reyes
108
Artists of Tagalog Drama
1. Severino Reyes
2. Aurelio Tolentino
3. Hermogenes Ilagan
4.Patricio Mariano
5. Julian Cruz Balmaceda
6. Juan Abad
109
is a story of 2 lovers who are cousins, Tenyong and Julia.
Walang Sugat
110
dramatist in whom the Kapampangans take pride
Aurelio Tolentino
111
112
work resulted in Aurelio Tolentino incarceration.
Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas
113
his masterpiece is Dalagang Bukid
Hermogenes Ilagan
114
His works are Ninay and Anak ng Dagat which is his masterpiece
Patricio Mariano
115
His work is Bunganga ng Pating
Julian Cruz Balmaceda
116
His work is Tanikalang Ginto
Juan Abad
117
Father of Ilocano literature
Pedro Bukaneg
118
Prince of Ilokano Poets
Claro Caluya
119
known as the best Bukanegero
Leon Pichay
120
Artists of Pampango Literature
1. Juan Crisostomo Soto
2. Aurelio Tolentino
121
Father of Kapampangan Literature. The word Crisotan (meaning Balagtasan)
in Tagalog is taken from his name
Juan Crisostomo Soto
122
Artists of Visayan Literature
1. Eriberto Gumban
2. Magdalena Jalandoni
123
Father of Visayan Literature
Eriberto Gumban
124
a novelist in visayan literature
Magdalena Jalandoni
125
Periods of Philippine Literature in English
a. Period of Re-orientation (1898-1910)
b. Period of Imitation (1910-1925)
c. Period of Self-Discovery (1925-1941)
126
When did American occupation in the Philippines started?
August 13, 1898
127
English came to
be used as medium of instruction in the public schools
Period of Re-orientation
128
written by Justo Juliano was the first work to be published in English
Sursum Corda
129
the UP College Folio published the literary compositions of the first Filipino writers in
English by 1919.
Period of Imitation
130
a short story by Paz Marquez Benitez. First successful short story in English written by a Filipino
Dead Stars
131
novel by Zoilo Galang
A Child of Sorrow
132
By these time, Filipino writers had acquired the mastery of English
writing. Essays during this period improved with the years in quality and quantity, in content, subject and
style. Essayists like Carlos P. Romulo became even more eminent editorial writers.
Period of Self-Discovery and Growth
133
undisputed Filipino supremo of the ‘artsakists’
Jose Garcia Villa
134
a variety show composed by of songs, dances, and skits
Bodabil (corruption of Vaudeville)
135
He introduced Bodabil (corruption of Vaudeville) when he came home from Las Vegas in 1921.
Luis Borromeo
136
Father of the Tagalog Novel
Valeriano Hernandez Pena
137
Ama ng Balarila ng Wikang Pambansa
Lope K. Santos
138
considered as the Golden Age of Filipino Literature
The Japanese Period (1941-1945)
139
a great period for the Tagalog theater which enjoyed a renaissance then for the following reasons : the
American movies were banned, writing in English was discouraged, & there was difficulty in securing materials for
movie making.
The Japanese Period
140
Filipino Poetry during this Period
1. Haiku
2. Tanaga
3. Karaniwang Anyo
141
Started - 1972
Ended - 1980
The Martial Law Period/ Period of the New Society
142
Marcos declared Martial Law
September 21, 1972
143
His song 'Anak' was popular during the Martial Law Period/ Period of the New Society
Freddie Aguilar
144
Si Matar, Dahlia, Ito ang Palad Ko, Mr. Lonely
Radio
145
Gulong ng Palad, Flor de Luna, Anna Liza, Superman, and Tarzan
Television
146
written by Edgardo Reyes, direced by Lino Brocka. Bembol Rocomain character
Maynila...Sa mga Kuko ng Liwanag
147
Nora Aunor was the main character
Minsa’y Isang Gamu-gamo
148
Hilda Koronel
Insiang
149
Fernando Poe jr., Jay Ilagan and Christopher de Leon
Aguila
150
Edsa Revolution
Feb 21-25, 1986
151
Literature during this Period were Handog ng Pilipino sa Mundo Bayan Ko
Post-Martial Law Period
152
- a song written by Jose Corazon de Jesus in 1928
Bayan Ko
153
Elements of the Short Story
1. Title
2. Characters
3. Setting
4. Plot
5. Conflict
6. POV
7. Theme
154
