Science

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct.

Question 2

ATP

Answer 2

a compound consisting of an adenosine molecule bonded to three phosphate groups, present in all living tissue. The breakage of one phosphate linkage (to form adenosine diphosphate, ADP) provides energy for physiological processes such as muscular contraction.

Question 3

Autotroph

Answer 3

an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide. Compare with heterotroph.

Question 4

Cellular Respiration

Answer 4

cellular respiration The process of cell catabolism in which cells turn food into usable energy in the form of ATP. In this process glucose is broken down in the presence of molecular oxygen into six molecules of carbon dioxide, and much of the energy released is preserved by turning ADP and free phosphate into ATP.

Question 5

Chloroplast

Answer 5

a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.

Question 6

Glucose

Answer 6

a simple sugar which is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates.

Question 7

Heterotroph

Answer 7

an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.Compare with autotroph.

Question 8

Producer

Answer 8

Producers are organisms capable of creating simple carbohydrates such as glucose, from gaseous carbon dioxide.

Question 9

Monosaccharide

Answer 9

any of the class of sugars (e.g., glucose) that cannot be hydrolyzed to give a simpler sugar.

Question 10

Polysaccharide

Answer 10

a carbohydrate (e.g. starch, cellulose, or glycogen) whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together.

Question 11

Starch

Answer 11

carbohydrate that is the chief form of stored energy in plants, especially wheat, corn, rice, and potatoes. Starch is a mixture of two different polysaccharides built out of glucose units, and forms a white, tasteless powder when purified. It is an important source of nutrition and is also used to make adhesives, paper, and textiles.