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Sec 3 (Overall) > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

1
Q

If the ratio is 1:3 is the drawing bigger or smaller than the actual object?

A

Bigger

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2
Q

If the ratio is 2:1 is the drawing bigger or smaller than the actual object?

A

Smaller

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3
Q

Do hardwoods have leaves or needles?

A

Leaves.

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4
Q

Do softwoods have leaves or needles?

A

Needles.

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5
Q

What is hardness?

A

The ability to resist scratching or denting.

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6
Q

What is rigidity?

A

The ability to resist deforming when a force is applied.

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7
Q

What is resilience?

A

The ability to resist impact.

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8
Q

What is malleability?

A

The ability to be shaped or flattened into a thin sheet.

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9
Q

What is brittleness?

A

Will shatter apon impact.

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10
Q

What is elasticity?

A

Ability to deform and return to the origional shape.

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11
Q

What is ductility?

A

Ability to be shaped into a wire.

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12
Q

What is electrical conductivity?

A

Ability to allow electrons to flow through.

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13
Q

What is thermal conductivity?

A

Ability to allow heat to flow through.

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14
Q

What is corrosion resistance?

A

Ability to resist rusting.

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15
Q

What makes a metal an alloy?

A

Adding iron.

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16
Q

What makes a metal/alloy ferrous?

A

Adding iron or steel.

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17
Q

What is the degree of the angle in an isometric projection?

A

30 degrees.

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18
Q

What is the degree of the angle in an oblique projection?

A

45 degrees.

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19
Q

An object line shows…..

A

… The visible details in an object.

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20
Q

A hidden line shows…..

A

….. The hidden details of an object.

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21
Q

The dimension line……

A

…. indicates a dimension

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22
Q

The extention line shows…..

A

Where a measurment begins and ends.

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23
Q

The diameter symbol…..

A

…. Indicates a diameter measurement.

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24
Q

The center and symmetry lines show….

A

….. The center of a circle or a hole.

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25
Q

How do you draw an object line?

A

It’s just a straight line. ex. _____

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26
Q

How do you draw a hidden line?

A

It’s a broken up line (dashes). ex. - - - -

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27
Q

How do you draw a dimension line?

A

Using arrows ← → (skinnier)

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28
Q

What 2 lines always appear together?

A

Dimension and extention lines.

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29
Q

How do you draw an extension line?

A

Two little parallel lines. ex. l l

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30
Q

How do you draw a diameter symbol?

A

Draw an ‘o’ with a diagonal line through it. ex. Ø

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31
Q

What is tension?

A

A pulling force. ex. tug of war, swing

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32
Q

What is compression?

A

A squeezing force.

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33
Q

What is tortion?

A

A twisting force. ex. wringing out a towel.

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34
Q

What is deflection?

A

A bending force. ex. a balance beam.

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35
Q

What is shearing?

A

A cutting force. ex. ripping a piece of paper.

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36
Q

What are the symbols for tension?

A

← →

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37
Q

What are the symbols for compression?

A

→ ←

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38
Q

What are the symbols for deflection?

A

↓
———
↑ ↑

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39
Q

What are the symbols for tortion?

A

🔁 (kinda)

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40
Q

What are the symbols for shearing?

A

→

← (except they’ll closer and are full arrows. you should know this.)

41
Q

Are the arrows big or skinny when being drawn to show force?

A

Big.

42
Q

What are examples of hardwood?

A

Alder, balsa, beech, hickory, mahogany, maple, oak, teak, and walnut.

43
Q

What are examples of softwood?

A

Cedar, douglas fir, juniper, pine, redwood, spruce, and yew

44
Q

What are examples of ferrous alloys?

A

Steel, stainless steel, Cast iron.

45
Q

What are the main propterties of metals?

A

Electrical and thermal conductivity, Rigidity, rescilience, Ductility and malleability.

46
Q

Pure metals are found where?

A

The earth’s crust.

47
Q

What is our galaxy called?

A

The milky way

48
Q

How long ago was the big bang?

A

13.8 billion years ago.

49
Q

How many km is an astronomical unit?

A

150 million km.

50
Q

What is the distance between us and the closest planet to us (Venus)?

A

40 million km.

51
Q

What is the distance between us and the sun?

A

1 astronomical unit.

52
Q

What is the astronomical unit used for?

A

To measure distances inside our solar system.

53
Q

What is a light year used to measure?

A

Distances outside our solar system.

54
Q

How many km is a light year?

A

9460 billion km.

55
Q

What is the sun?

A

A flaming ball of gas.

56
Q

What is the closest galaxy to us?

A

Andromeda.

57
Q

What is the mneomic device used to remeber the plantets in order?

A

My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Nachos.

58
Q

What is the dwarf planet?

A

Pluto.

59
Q

What is the most accepted theory as to how the universe was created?

A

The Big Bang Theory.

60
Q

What is a nebula?

A

A cloud of gas that will a star.

61
Q

What makes life on earth possible?

A

Water, The ideal size of the planet, a lithosphere (the solid surface we stand on), to be in the habitable zone, a circular orbit (so the heat of the sun is evenly distributed) and an atmosphere.

62
Q

What is pasteurization?

A

Partial sterilization of liquids such as milk, wine, orange juice and beer.

63
Q

How does pasteurization work?

A

Heat the liquid to a certain temperature to get rid of harmful organisms then rapidly cool it, to not spoil it.

64
Q

What did Miller and Urey try to re-create?

A

The atmosphere of the early Earth.

65
Q

What are the gases Miller and Urey used in their experiment to mimic the early Earth?

A

Methane, ammonia, hydrogen and water.

66
Q

How many cells are there in the human body?

A

10 trillion.

67
Q

What is the early stage of an embryo called?

A

A zygote.

68
Q

What is a stem cell?

A

A ‘blank slate’. A cell that has no assigned purpose, commonly found in umbilical cords.

69
Q

What are the 3 main organelles?

A

Cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus.

70
Q

What is the function of a cell membrane?

A

Allows substances to come in and out of the cell. Gives the cell shape.

71
Q

What is the despcription of a cell membrane?

A

A thin skin that separates the inside of the cell from the outside environment.

72
Q

What is the function of a cytoplasm?

A

Allows substances to circulate inside the cell. Gives the cell shape.

73
Q

What is the description of a cytoplasm?

A

It is a semi fluid material surrounding the organelles.

74
Q

What is the function of a nucleus?

A

Contains DNA. The control center of the cell.

75
Q

What is the description of a nucleus?

A

Circular organelle located in the middle of the cell.

76
Q

What are the 4 nitrogen bases?

A

Adenine, Guanine, Thymine and Cytosine. (A, G, T, C is also acceptable.)

77
Q

What are the 2 molecules on the sides of the DNA ladder?

A

Sugar and phosphate.

78
Q

What are the pairs the nitrogen bases can form in?

A

A and T. C and G.

79
Q

How many chromosone pairs does the average human have?

A

23.

80
Q

If a human’s 23rd chromosone is ‘xx’ are they male or female?

A

Female.

81
Q

If a human’s 23rd chromosone is ‘xy’ are they male or female?

A

Male.

82
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle tissues?

A

Skeletal muscles, smooth muscles and cardiac muscles.

83
Q

What is the function of a skeletal muscle?

A

It holds the bones and muscles together.

84
Q

What is the function of a smooth muscle?

A

Making your hair stand on it’s end, digestive systems. Things you dont control first hand (ex. breathing).

85
Q

What is the function of a cardiac muscle?

A

It is the muscle for your heart. It has a unique structure.

86
Q

What is the nerve tissue made up of?

A

Neurons.

87
Q

How do cells reproduce?

A

Asexually. By splitting and making copies of themselves.

88
Q

What is the only cell that does not reproduce?

A

Neurons. Once you loose them, they’re gone.

89
Q

What is meiosis?

A

When cells perform a type of cell division that four reproductive cells that are genetically different.

90
Q

What is mitosis?

A

When the cells partake in asexual reproduction by splitting and making copies of themselves.

91
Q

What are reproductive cells also called?

A

Gametes.

92
Q

What does DNA coil up to form?

A

Chromozones.

93
Q

What are the 4 types of tissues?

A

Muscle tissue, nerve tissue, Epithelial and connective tissues.

94
Q

What is cell cultures?

A

Cell culture is a process by which cells are reproduced outside the organism they come from. Cell cultures are used to develop vaccines and to create tissues like skin to treat severe burns.

95
Q

Where is DNA found?

A

In the nucleus.

96
Q

What is a gene?

A

A gene is a segment of DNA.

97
Q

What does GMO stand for?

A

Genetically Modified Organisms.

98
Q

What is a GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms)?

A

GMO is a living organism whose genetic material has been modified by introducing new genes into its DNA, to obtain new characteristics.

99
Q

How is GMO modified?

A

By introducing new genes into its DNA, to obtain new characteristics.

Sec 3 (Overall) (7 decks)

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