Science

Question 1

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 1

Controls the activity of the cell

Question 2

Cell membrane - what is its function?

Answer 2

Controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 3

What is the function of cytoplasm?

Answer 3

metabolic reactions (controlled by enzymes) takes place here

Question 4

What is the function of Ribosomes

Answer 4

Where proteins are made

Question 5

What is the function of mitochondria

Answer 5

Where energy is released by respiration

Question 6

What is the function of the vacuole

Answer 6

Contains cell sap

Question 7

What is the function of the chloroplast

Answer 7

Absorbs light energy to make food (photosynthesis)

Question 8

What is the function of the cell wall

Answer 8

It strengthens the cell (holds structure)

Question 9

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 9

Carbon dioxide + water —> oxygen + glucose

Question 10

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 10

Oxygen + glucose —> carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)

Question 11

What is the function of the nerve cell?

Answer 11

To carry electrical impulses

Question 12

What is the function of the sperm cell?

Answer 12

Transport genetic material

Question 13

What is the function of the cilia (ciliates cell)?

Answer 13

Removes mucus

Question 14

How is a root hair cell adapted to fit its function?

Answer 14

Have many mitochondria

Question 15

Eukaryote cells

Answer 15

Have nucleus with DNA inside
membrane bound organelles (e.g mitochondria)
All animal and plant cells 
very large 
contains many specialised organelles 
can have extra parts (like cilia)

Question 16

Prokaryotic cells

Answer 16

Have free DNA - floating in the cytoplasm
No organelles except ribosomes
Only exist in other things e.g bacteria

Question 17

Tissue

Answer 17

Groups of cells working together

Question 18

Cell

Answer 18

Cells are the basic units of life

Question 19

Organ

Answer 19

Groups of tissues work together to form organs

Question 20

Organ system

Answer 20

Lots of organs working together forms an organ system

E.g circulatory system includes veins and the heart

Question 21

Meristem cells

Answer 21

Unspecialised cells in a plant

Question 22

Stem cells

Answer 22

Unspecialised cells in humans

Question 23

Differentiate

Answer 23

To change into a specialised cell

Question 24

Where are embryonic stem cells found

Can they differentiate

Answer 24

In early human embryos

Can differentiate into any type of cell

Question 25

Where are adult stem cells found?

Answer 25

In bone marrow

Question 26

m —> nm

Answer 26

1 x 10^9

Question 27

Plasmid

Answer 27

Small circles of DNA

Question 28

Flagellum

Answer 28

Tail like structure to help it move

Question 29

Potency

Answer 29

A measure of how many types of specialised cells a stem cell can make

Question 30

Pluripotent

Answer 30

Can make all types of specialised in the body. Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent

Question 31

Multipotent

Answer 31

Can make multiple types of specialised cells, but not all types. Tissue stem cells are multipotent

Question 32

What method would you use for separating:
An insoluble solid and liquid
(E.g sand and water)

Answer 32

Filtration

Question 33

What method would you use for separating:
Soluble solids and liquids
(E.g salt and water)

Answer 33

Crystallisation

Question 34

What method would you use for separating:
Different solubilities
(E.g different inks)

Answer 34

Chromatography

Question 35

What method would you use for separating:
Miscible with different boiling points
(E.g. water and ethanol)

Answer 35

Distillation

Question 36

What method would you use for separating:
Liquids of many different boiling points
(E.g petrol and water)

Answer 36

Fractional distillation

Question 37

Isotope

Answer 37

A version of the same element with a different number of neutrons but the same number of protons and electrons

Question 38

How is the modern periodic table arranged

Answer 38

Proton number