Science (4th) Ch. 6 Lesson 1 - Saving Earth's Resources (vocab & notes)

Question 1

a natural, nonliving, solid material found in rock

Answer 1

mineral

Question 2

a rock that forms when melted rock cools and hardens

Answer 2

igneous rock

Question 3

a rock that forms when small bits of matter are pressed together in layers

Answer 3

sedimentary rock

Question 4

the age of one thing as compared to another

Answer 4

relative age

Question 5

rock formed from another kind of rock under heat and pressure

Answer 5

metamorphic rock

Question 6

the process in which rocks continuously change from one type to another

Answer 6

rock cycle

Question 7

a material or object that has useful properties

Answer 7

resource

Question 8

Characteristics that describe something.

Answer 8

properties

Question 9

Some properties of minerals are color, __________, ____________ and streak.

Answer 9

hardness

luster

Question 10

__________ Hardness scale starts with the __________ mineral.
(A) softest
(B) hardest

Answer 10

softest

Question 11

What is the softest mineral?

Answer 11

talc

Question 12

What is talc’s number on the hardness scale?

Answer 12

1

Question 13

Which mineral is the easiest to scratch?

Answer 13

talc

Question 14

What is the hardest mineral?

Answer 14

diamond

Question 15

What is a diamond’s number on the hardness scale?

Answer 15

10

Question 16

What mineral can scratch all other minerals?

Answer 16

diamond

Question 17

What refers to the way light bounces off the surface of a mineral?

Answer 17

luster

Question 18

Luster refers to the way light bounces off the surface of a mineral or how much it ________.

Answer 18

shines

Question 19

__________ is the color of a powder left behind when a mineral is scratched.

Answer 19

streak

Question 20

True or False

A streak is always the same color of the mineral itself.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

What kind of rock are you more likely to find a fossil in?

Answer 21

sedimentary rock

Question 22

Why are you more likely to find a fossil in sedimentary rock?

Answer 22

Because fossils form in the many layers of sediment. Heat and pressure destroy remains of past organisms that form fossils.

Question 23

You are more likely to find a fossil in sedimentary rock because fossils form in the many layers of sediment. __________ & ___________ destroy remains of past organisms that form fossils.

Answer 23

heat

pressure

Question 24

The ____________ layers of sandstone rock are at the _____________ of the rock.

Answer 24

oldest

bottom

Question 25

What are the building blocks of rocks?

Answer 25

minerals