Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science 3RD QUARTER > SCIENCE 3RD QUARTER: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM > Flashcards

SCIENCE 3RD QUARTER: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the main idea of the digestive system?

A
  • break down food so nutrients get absorbed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the main stages of the digestive system?

A
  1. Ingestion of Food
  2. Breaking down/Digestion of Food
  3. Absorption of Nutrients
  4. Elimination/ Defication
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Ingestion?

A
  • act of eating (😋)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Digestion?

A
  • the process of breaking food down into soluble molecules
  • two types: Mechanical or Chemical
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Mechanical Digestion?

A
  • physical breakdown of food
  • chewing, swallowing, mixing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is Chemical Digestion?

A
  • chemical breakdown of food
  • involves enzymes and amylose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are Enzymes?

A
  • proteins that speed up the biological reaction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is Amylose?

A
  • begins the process of chemical digestion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Absorption?

A
  • the uptake of nutrients by body cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is Defication/Elimination?

A
  • the elimination of waste
    (poop joke here)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the parts of the Digestive System?

A
  1. Mouth
  2. Esophagus
  3. Stomach
  4. Small Intestine
  5. Large Intestine
  6. Liver
  7. Pancreas
  8. Rectum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the Mouth?

A
  • recieves and breaks down food
    Teeth - chew into smaller pieces
    Tongue - shaped recieved food into bolus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the Esophagus?

A
  • muscular tube that connects to the pharynx
  • walls lined with smooth muscles
  • carries food to stomach through peristalsis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the Stomach?

A
  • churns, mashes, & digests food
  • stores food then spews gastric juice
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is Gastric Juice?

A
  • HCI + Pepsin
  • converts food into chyme
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the Small Intestine?

A
  • absorbs nutrients and digests food
  • contains vili
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are Vili?

A
  • help the absorption of nutrients from ingested food and water molecules.
  • found in small intestine
18
Q

What is the Large Intestine?

A
  • absorbs & turns food wastes to poop
  • restores and recovers water that entered the alimentary canal
19
Q

What is the Liver?

A
  • breaks down fat to energy using bile
20
Q

What is the Pancreas?

A
  • releases Pancreatic enzymes to break down food
  • releases insulin to regulate sugar
21
Q

What is the Rectum?

A
  • where feces and waste exit the anus
  • the end of the of the digestive system
22
Q

What is the first step of the digestive system?

A
  • salivary glands deliver saliva to lubricate food. - Amylase (Enzyme) is present
23
Q

What is the second step of the digestive system?

A
  • teeth chew food into smaller particles.
23
Q

What is the third step of the digestive system?

A
  • the tongue shapes food and provides help with swallowing.
  • the shape the tongue forms out of the food is called a bolus
23
Q

What is the fourth step of the digestive system?

A
  • the bolus travels to the pharynx
    (throat region).
24
Q

What is the fifth step of the digestive system?

A
  • the esophagus conducts food from the pharynx down to the stomach
  • this process is called peristalsis.
24
Q

What is the sixth step of the digestive system?

A
  • the stomach stores food and secretes gastric juice, which converts a meal to acid chyme.
  • the gastric juice is made out of HCl + Pepsin
25
Q

What is the seventh step of the digestive system?

A
  • coordinated contraction and relaxation of stomach muscle churn the stomach’s contents.
26
Q

What is the eighth step of the digestive system?

A
  • chyme from the stomach mixes with digestive juices from the pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and the small intestine
  • takes place in the small intestine
27
Q

What is the ninth step of the digestive system?

A
  • villi and microvilli in the small intestine facilitate the absorption of nutrients from ingested food and water molecules.
28
Q

What is the tenth step of the digestive system?

A
  • the colon of the large intestine functions to reabsorb water
  • recovers water that has entered the alimentary canal.
29
Q

What is the eleventh step of the digestive system?

A
  • The feces (waste)become more solid as they move through the colon.
30
Q

What is the twelfth step of the digestive system?

A
  • feces pass through the rectum and exit via the anus.
31
Q

What are the 6 types of diseases of the digestive system?

A
  1. Undernourishment
  2. Malnourishment
  3. Ulcers
  4. Liver Cirrhosis
  5. Diarrhea
  6. Constipation
32
Q

What is Undernourishment?

A
  • the result of a diet that supplies less chemical energy than the body requires
  • most common in South Asia
33
Q

What is Malnourishment?

A
  • the long-term absence from the diet of one or more essential nutrients
  • most common in poverty
34
Q

What are Ulcers?

A
  • an open sore that develops on the inside lining of the stomach and/or the upper portion of the small intestine
  • NO. BUT H. PYLORI BACTERIA.
35
Q

What is Liver Cirrhosis?

A
  • scarring (fibrosis) of the liver caused by many forms of liver diseases and conditions, such as hepatitis and chronic alcoholism
  • commonly found in 45 - 55 year olds
36
Q

What is Diarrhea?

A
  • loose, watery and possibly more-frequent bowel movements
  • 20 liters per day with diarrhea
37
Q

What is Constipation?

A
  • occurs when bowel movements become less frequent and stools become difficult to pass
  • if constipated for more than 3 days, medical attention required

Science 3RD QUARTER (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions