SCIENCE 3RD QUARTER

Question 1

is a form of communication system in the body.

Answer 1

endocrine system

Question 2

It uses chemicals in
order to communicate with other organs or organ systems.

Answer 2

endocrine system

Question 3

is made up of communication
posts that make and deliver messages to specific organs in the form of chemicals.

Answer 3

endocrine system

Question 4

The endocrine system is made up of different

Answer 4

glands

Question 5

are organs that create and secrete chemical substances that directly target organs to do certain functions.

Answer 5

Glands

Question 6

The chemical substances that are released from
the endocrine glands are called

Answer 6

hormones.

Question 7

small gland located in the brain. It is sometimes called the “master
gland” because it releases hormones that tell other glands when they need to produce
hormones too.

Answer 7

pituitary gland

Question 8

the pituitary gland can be divided into the

Answer 8

anterior and the posterior pituitary gland,

Question 9

stimulates growth by telling the bones and muscles
to increase their rate of cell division.

Answer 9

Human growth hormone (hGH)

Question 10

tells the adrenal glands to produce and
release its hormones.

Answer 10

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 11

tells the thyroid to produce and release its
hormones.

Answer 11

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 12

and luteinizing hormone (LH) tell the
reproductive organs to release the hormones needed to start the production and
development of gametes.

Answer 12

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 13

is a hormone with various functions, but among the most well known is its
role in the production of milk in females. Other functions include its role in the
immune and nervous systems.

Answer 13

Prolactin

Question 14

is an important hormone in both males and females as it
plays a role in triggering many of the changes during and after puberty.

Answer 14

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 15

Found behind the anterior pituitary gland is the __________. stores hormones that are produced by the hypothalamus.

Answer 15

posterior pituitary
gland

Question 16

posterior pituitary two hormones are:

Answer 16

Oxytocin
Antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin

Question 17

is known for its role in causing contractions during childbirth. Other functions also
include its effect on lactation and appetite control.

Answer 17

Oxytocin

Question 18

plays a role in maintaining the balance of certain
fluids in the body.

Answer 18

Antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin

Question 19

which is located near the pituitary gland produces and releases a
hormone called melatonin.

Answer 19

pineal gland

Question 20

pineal gland which is located near the pituitary gland produces and releases a
hormone called

Answer 20

melatonin.

Question 21

It helps regulate our sleep-wake cycle.

Answer 21

melatonin.

Question 22

may reduce the amount of melatonin
produced by the pineal gland.

Answer 22

FSH-Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 23

secrete hormones that help us in times of stress.

Answer 23

Adrenal glands

Question 24

Adrenal glands are located just above the

Answer 24

kidneys

Question 25

a hormone that increases the activity of body cells. prepares the muscles to move in order to respond to danger. The

Answer 25

adrenaline

Question 26

is located near the stomach, and is also part of the digestive system.

Answer 26

pancreas

Question 27

that sugar in the form of. is used by the cells for energy.

Answer 27

glucose

Question 28

When there is too much sugar in the blood and the body does not need it yet, it can be stored in the

Answer 28

liver.

Question 29

pancreas secretes two important hormones that regulates the sugar (glucose) needed by cells for energy:

Answer 29

insulin and glucagon.

Question 30

hormone signals the liver and muscle cells to change glucose into glycogen. In this form, sugar is stored in the liver.

Answer 30

Insulin

Question 31

hormone tells the liver to change glycogen back to glucose and release it into the blood.

Answer 31

Glucagon

Question 32

The release of insulin and glucagon

Answer 32

endocrine function.

Question 33

which makes use of a duct to directly secrete a substance into the organ or tissue.

Answer 33

exocrine,

Question 34

also has an exocrine function, which is to break down the components of food in the digestive system.

Answer 34

pancreas

Question 35

The insulin injected into diabetic patients mostly comes from animal sources .An alternative hormone was approved for use in the 1980s. is a product of genetic engineering and is found to have the same effects as insulin in diabetic patients, but is cheaper and has fewer negative side effects.

Answer 35

humulin,

Question 36

is a butterfly-shaped organ located in the neck, just in front of the larynx or voice box. It produces hormones that regulate important body processes and affects growth.

Answer 36

thyroid gland

Question 37

thyroid gland produces what

Answer 37

thyroxine (T4) calcitonin

Question 38

tells cells how fast energy should be converted from the food we eat.

Answer 38

thyroxine (T4)

Question 39

which helps regulate the amount of calcium that is in the blood.

Answer 39

calcitonin

Question 40

At the back of the thyroid gland are four tiny glands called

Answer 40

parathyroid glands.

Question 41

parathyroid glands. These glands release. which also regulates the calcium level in the blood, together with calcitonin.

Answer 41

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 42

The ______of females and ______ of males are _____or reproductive glands of humans.

Answer 42

ovary testis gonads

Question 43

ovaries mainly produce

Answer 43

estrogen and progesterone

Question 44

while the testes mainly produce

Answer 44

testosterone.

Question 45

formation of some male reproductive tissues and organs ● responsible for secondary sex characteristics such as body hair and muscle mass

Answer 45

testosterone

Question 46

prepares the uterus for pregnancy

Answer 46

progesterone

Question 47

responsible for secondary sex characteristics such as breast development and regulation of the menstrual cycle

Answer 47

estrogen

Question 48

can be defined as the process by which the body maintains its internal balance, independent of external factors.

Answer 48

Homeostasis

Question 49

There are certain steps that the body takes in order to maintain internal balance, and examples are the

Answer 49

negative and positive feedback systems.

Question 50

If taken in the context of the human body, if the body senses a change and acts to reverse that change, it is an example of

Answer 50

negative feedback.

Question 51

when a stimulus causes a response, and this leads to a cascade of repeating events until a change occurs.

Answer 51

positive feedback.

Question 52

The two common diseases of the endocrine system

Answer 52

diabetes and goiter.

Question 53

has a problem with maintaining normal levels of blood glucose. The pancreas loses its function to produce insulin or cannot produce enough to act on the glucose in the blood.

Answer 53

Diabetes

Question 54

happens when the body’s own immune system destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. There is no clear reason why it happens or when it can happen. It is usually an inherited disease. But people without a family history of diabetes can still develop this disease.

Answer 54

Type I diabetes

Question 55

is the most common kind of diabetes at present. In this case, the pancreas can produce insulin.

Answer 55

Type II diabetes

Question 56

body cells are not following instructions from insulin anymore. It is called. Insulin lost its capacity to reduce the blood glucose level.

Answer 56

insulin resistance.

Question 57

may be an inherited or an acquired disease. It can result from an unhealthy lifestyle of eating excessively.

Answer 57

Type II

Question 58

can happen to some pregnant women when they have high glucose levels in the blood. Usually, the symptoms disappear when the baby is born.

Answer 58

Gestational diabetes

Question 59

can result in a lot of complications if not managed.

Answer 59

Diabetes

Question 60

If the pancreas does not produce insulin anymore, the person with diabetes can inject

Answer 60

insulin on a regular basis.

Question 61

It is the enlargement of the thyroid gland.

Answer 61

Goiter

Question 62

gland. A common cause of goiter is

Answer 62

iodine deficiency.

Question 63

The thyroid needs________ to be able to produce hormones.

Answer 63

iodine

Question 64

Iodine-rich food includes

Answer 64

fish, seaweeds, potatoes, and eggs.

Question 65

major endocrine organs include the

Answer 65

pineal, pituitary, adrenal and thyroid glands, the liver, the pancreas, the testes and the ovaries.

Question 66

These organs are all found in different parts of the body, but many of their products are delivered by the

Answer 66

bloodstream.