SCIENCE - 3RD Q Flashcards
What does ITCZ stand for?
Intertropical Convergence Zone
What does PAGASA stand for?
Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical Astronomical Services Administration
What does PAR stand for?
Philippine Area of Responsibility
What is the term for tropical cyclone in the Philippines?
Bagyo
Where is the term ‘hurricane’ used?
Northeast Pacific and North Atlantic
Where is the term ‘typhoon’ used?
Northwest Pacific
What is the anatomy of a typhoon?
Eye, Eyewall, Inner (Rain) Bands, Outer (Feeder) Bands
Name the five classifications of tropical cyclone and their corresponding wind speed.
Tropical Depression - 61km/less, Tropical Storm - 62-88km, Severe Tropical Storm - 89-117km, Typhoon - 118-184km, Super Typhoon - 185km up
Where do typhoons form?
Oceans
Where do typhoons that hit the Philippines usually originate?
Pacific Ocean
What are the effects of tropical Cyclone?
Rainfall or Flooding, Storm Surge, Tornadoes, Strong Winds
What causes tropical cyclones to spin?
The rotation of the earth.
The cyclonic circulation of a tropical cyclone located in the southern hemisphere.
Clockwise
Define storm surge.
An abnormal rise of sea water due to tropical cyclone that occurs along the coast.
Which best describes leeward side?
Leeward side has less vegetation because moist in the air is accumulated in the windward side.
What year did typhoon Yolanda hit the Philippines?
2013
Which statement does not best describe the windward side of a mountain?
It has less vegetation because the moist in the air is accumulated in the leeward side.
A tropical cyclone that arrives over land
Landfall
A box or bag containing the equipment, supplies, and medications needed during emergencies.
Emergency Kit
A rapidly rotating storm system characterized by low pressure-center, strong winds, and spiral arrangement of thunderstorm.
Tropical Cyclone
Why is windward side more vegetated than the leeward side of a mountain?
Because the windward side receives more precipitation and when air goes up the mountain, it loses moisture and dry air proceeds to the leeward side.
How does a typhoon gain and lose energy?
A typhoon gains energy from warm ocean water and loses energy over cool ocean water.
What is weather?
The atmospheric conditions, along with short-term changes, of a certain place at a certain time.
How is wind created?
Created when air moves from high pressure areas to low pressure areas.
What is wind direction?
The direction wherein wind is blowing.
What is used to measure wind speed?
Anemometer
What is air temperature?
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules in the air. Varies with time of day, season, location and altitude.
Higher Temperature = Higher Kinetic Energy, therefore…
They are directly proportional, thus molecules in warm air moves faster than molecules cold air.
What is air pressure or barometric pressure?
The force of air applied on the air or a surface below it.
Air pressure decreases as altitude increases, therefore…
Air pressure is greater at low altitudes than high altitudes. They are inversely proportional.
What is the unit for air pressure?
Millibars (mb)
What is used to measure air pressure?
Barometer
What is humidity?
The amount of water vapor in the air.
How is humidity measured?
In grams of water per cubic meter of air (g/m^3)
What is relative humidity?
The amount of water vapor present in the air compared to the maximum amount of water vapor the air could contain at that temperature.
What is used to measure relative humidity?
Psychrometer
What will happen when the air has a relative humidity of 100%?
Dew or rain will form.
Humidity vs. Relative Humidity?
Humidity is merely the amount of water vapor in the air whereas relative humidity is the amount of water vapor currently present in the air in comparison to the capacity of the atmosphere.
What is dew point?
The temperature at which air is saturated and condensation can occur.
What are clouds?
Ice crystals or water droplets suspended in the atmosphere.
What is fog?
Ice crystals or water droplets suspended near the Earth’s surface.
Clouds vs. Fog
Clouds are suspended in the atmosphere, whereas fog is suspended near to the Earth’s surface.
What is precipitation?
Water, in liquid or solid form that falls from the atmosphere. (Like rain, sleet, snow, hail)
What is the water cycle or hydrologic cycle?
The series of natural processes by which water continually moves among oceans, land, and the atmosphere.
What is a high pressure system?
A large body of circulating air with a high-pressure center and low-pressure outside.