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1st SEMESTER EXAMS > SCIENCE > Flashcards

SCIENCE Flashcards

0
Q

What is the most important lab rule?

A

Always follow your teachers directions exactly

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1
Q

What are the main areas of physical science?

A

physics and chemistry

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2
Q

What are the different ways that scientists can communicate results?

A

by publishing articles in scientific journals,
giving talks at conferences,
by exchanging emails about the progress in their work

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3
Q

What is a compound?

A

compounds- a substance made from 2 or more simpler substances and can be broken down into those simpler substances

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4
Q

What is an element?

A

element- a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances

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5
Q

What is a solution?

A

substances that dissolve and form a homogeneous mixture

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6
Q

What is a suspension?

A

a heterogeneous mixture that separates into layers over time

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7
Q

What is a colloid?

A

a mixture that contains some particles that are intermediate in size between the small particles in a solution and the larger particles in a suspension

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8
Q

What is a chemical change?

A

any ability to produce a change in the composition of matter

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9
Q

What is a physical change?

A

when the properties of a material changes while the substances stay the same

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10
Q

Describe a gas.

A

It has neither a definite shape or volume

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11
Q

What happens to the pressure when the number of particles increases?

A

it will increase

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12
Q

What happens to the temperature of water when it changes states?

A

it remains the same

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13
Q

What are 6 common phases that most liquids can go through?

A 
sublimation,
deposition,
vaporization,
condensation,
melting,
freezing
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14
Q

What happens during sublimation?

A

a solid turns into a gas

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15
Q

What happens during deposition?

A

a gas turns into a solid

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16
Q

What happens in condensation?

A

a gas becomes a liquid

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17
Q

What happens in vaporization?

A

a liquid turns into a gas

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18
Q

What happens in melting?

A

a solid becomes a liquid

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19
Q

What happens in freezing?

A

a liquid becomes a solid

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20
Q

What was Dalton’s theory?

A

all atoms are made up of individual particles which cannot be divided

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21
Q

What charge does a proton have?

A

positive

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22
Q

What charge does a neutron have?

A

neutral

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23
Q

What charge does an electron have?

24
What is an electron cloud model used for?
used to describe the possible locations of electrons in an atom
25
What is the atomic mass unit?
one twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom
26
The most reactive metals are located where on the periodic table?
left side
27
What is a valence electron?
an electron at its highest occupied energy level of an atom
28
What happens to the number of valence electrons from left to right on the periodic table?
it increases
29
Why do atoms gain and loose electrons?
to gain stability
30
What is a molecule?
a neutral group of atoms that are joined together by one or more covalent bonds
31
Electrons are free to move in a what?
metal lattice
32
What does redox stand for?
oxidation reduction reaction
33
What does OIL RIG stand for?
``` Oxidation Is Losing Reduction Is Gaining ```
34
What is an equilibrium?
A state in which the forward and reverse paths of a physical or chemical change takes place at the same rate.
35
What is a line graph used for?
Show change over time.
36
What is distillation?
A process that separates the substance in the solution based on their boiling point.
37
Why am i a doofus?
Because i can not brain today i has the dumbs
38
What does Charles law state?
The volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature if the pressure and the number of particles are constant.
39
What does Boyle's Law state?
The volume of a gas is inversely proportionate to its pressure if the temperature and number of particles are constant.
40
What Aristotle's thoughts on matter?
he believed that all substances were built up from 4 elements-fire, earth, water, and air
41
What did Bohr's model focus on?
electrons
42
How do electrons move in Bohr's model?
in spheric orbits at fixed distances from the nucleus
43
What is an alkali metal (with regards to reactivity?
has a single valence electron and is extremely reactive
44
What is an alkaline metal with regards to reactivity?
has 2 valence electrons
45
What is the difference between an alkali metal and an alkaline metal in regards to reactivity?
the way they react with water
46
What is a polyatomic ion?
a covalently bonded group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge and acts as a unit
47
What does the law of conservation of mass state?
mass is neither created or destroyed in a chemical reaction
48
What is the freezing point of water in Fahrenheit?
32 degrees
49
What is the freezing point of water in Celsius?
0 degrees
50
What is the freezing point of water in Kelvins?
273 degrees
51
What is the boiling point of water in Fahrenheit?
212 degrees
52
What is the boiling point of water in Celsius?
100 degrees
53
What is the boiling point of water in Kelvin?
373 degrees
54
What are 3 clues that a chemical change has occurred?
a change in color, a production of a gas, a formation of a precipitate
55
Why is the volume of a liquid more constant than a gas?
the bonds have a stronger attraction
56
What did Democritus think about matter?
all matter consisted of extremely small particles that cannot be divided
57
What did J.J. Thompson discover?
that atoms are made of even smaller particles

1st SEMESTER EXAMS (4 decks)

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