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Gr 11 > Science 24 > Flashcards

Science 24 Flashcards

1
Q

Disease

A

A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant

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2
Q

Communicable Disease

A

Disease that can be spread from one organism to another (caused by pathogen)

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3
Q

Non-Communicable Disease

A

A disease that cannot be passed from one organism to another

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4
Q

Pathogens

A

Any microbe that can be directly blamed for causing a diseases is called a pathogen (or germ)

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5
Q

five categories for Pathogens

A
  1. Bacteria
  2. Viruses
  3. Protists
  4. Fungi
  5. Parasites
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6
Q

Bacteria

A

Single-Celled Organisms that are round, rod-shaped, or bean-shaped

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7
Q

Difference between Bacteria and Virus’

A

Some Bacteria are Useful while Virus’ are COMPLETELY EVIL!!

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8
Q

Conditions for Bacteria to Grow Faster?

A
  • Temperature
  • Moisture
  • Food
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9
Q

How does Temperature help Bacteria Grow?

A

Bacteria survives and multiply best in warm temperatures. It slows down in cold temps and at very high temp it can die.

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10
Q

How does Moisture help Bacteria Grow?

A

Bacteria needs water to survive or else it can’t reproduce

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11
Q

How does Food help Bacteria Grow?

A

Bacteria need a food source like sugar, blood, tissue, agar, etc

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12
Q

Viruses

A

Viruses are smaller and they’re EVIL!!! And can’t be treated with antibiotics but rather with vaccines. And need a host in order to work.

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13
Q

How do Viruses Reproduce

A

Viruses contact with a cell in your body and takes over the cell by injecting its own DNA. The cell will produce millions of copies before dying.

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14
Q

Protists

A

Similar to Bacteria but to plants and animal cells

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15
Q

Fungi

A

Multi-cellular and cause fungal infections

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16
Q

Parasites

A

Multi-Cellular organisms that are larger and sometimes visible.

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17
Q

What are the 4 ways Pathogens can be spread?

A

1: Airborne
2: Water-borne
3: Contaminated Food
4: Directed Contact

18
Q

Airbourne

A

Diseases spread through the air. I.E: Coughing or Sneezing

19
Q

Waterborne

A

Diseases spreaded through contaminated water

20
Q

Contaminated Food

A

Diseases spreaded through poorly stored food

21
Q

Direct Contact

A

Diseases spreaded through touch

22
Q

3 causes of Non-communicable Diseases

A

1: Unhealthy Lifestyle
2: Living in bad conditions
3: Genetics

23
Q

People who live in poverty have a much __________ of contracting a ______________

A

Higher Risk, Communicable Disease

24
Q

7 risk factors leading to diseases

A

1: not eating properly
2: drinking unclean water
3: not having a toilet
4: not practicing personal hygiene
5: engaging in sexual activity
6: smoking tobacco
7: consuming alcohol

25
Q

How is quality of food a risk?

A

A risk in poor countries

26
Q

How is drinking water a risk?

A

Many diseases spread through unclean water

27
Q

How is disposal of waste a risk?

A

without proper plumbing, it can spread diseases. If it goes into the soil, it can affect the groundwater

28
Q

How is personal hygiene a risk?

A

Bacteria will come overtime.

29
Q

How is using addictive substances a risk?

A

It slowly weakens a person’s entire body.

30
Q

3 Ways to Prevent illnesses?

A

1: Washing your hands. Especially before preparing food.
2: Making sure that out environment is sanitary as possible
3: Using Anti-bacterial soap, household cleaners, and detergents were able to remove pathogens that can cause diseases

31
Q

What was the common belief that caused disease back then?

A

Spirits or Evil Gods

32
Q

How did the Black Plague start?

A

Diseases that spread from rats to fleas to humans

33
Q

When did the Bubonic Plague start?

A

1340 - 1400

34
Q

How do scientist find diseases?

A

Using a microscope, they were able to identify various microbes and link them to specific diseases

35
Q

What is a Pandemic?

A

Diseases that affect a large portion of the global population

36
Q

What is an Epidemic?

A

Diseases that affect a portion of a country or area

37
Q

What causes food poisoning?

A
  • Staphylococcus
  • E.Coli
  • Salmonella
38
Q

Staphylococcus? (Staph Bacteria)

A

It’s tolerant to high levels or salt and is mainly in foods that don’t do actual cooking.

39
Q

E.Coli?

A

A type of bacteria that lives in the intestines of a human and animal without causing problems.

40
Q

Salmonella?

A

Mostly found in undercooked chicken and eggs

41
Q

Pasteurization

A

liquid gets heated to kill bacteria

Gr 11 (5 decks)

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