Science 2 Flashcards
What are three examples of secondary energy sources?
Electricity, petrol and hydrogen gas
What does renewable mean?
It means it can be replaced soon?
What are the three main uses of energy sources?
Transportation, industry machines and heating/cooling
What is secondary data?
It’s data collected by other people
What is primary data?
It’s data you collect yourself
What do simple generators usually contain?
They usually contain a coil of wire and a magnet that can spin with a handle.
What do power station magnets use?
Electromagnets
How do fossil fuel stations work?
- Burn fuel to heat water
- Water turns to steam and moves turbine
- Turbine connects to generater producing voltage
- Steam is turned back to water.
Why are fossil fuel power stations commonly built near water?
They’re built there because fossil fuels commonly reside near bodies of water.
How are fossil fuels created?
They’re formed from dead plants and animals which have fossilised from pressure buildup
What do we mainly use solar energy for?
Heating stuff and generating electricity
What does a solar cell do?
It converts solar energy directly into a voltage
What does solar water heating use instead of a solar cell?
It uses solar panels instead.
How do you get geothermal energy?
You pump water down into the earth, heating it, and then pump it back up to use
What is a heat pump?
It pumps water a bit below a home so in winter it will be hotter, and summer cooler than the home temperature.
How do you generate hydroelectricity?
You fill a dam where gates are opened to allow water through pipes and into a turbine which generates electricity.
How do you generate wind power?
- You place windmills near windy places
- Wind goes swoosh. Turns turbine
- Powers generator
- Profit (energy)
How do you generate wave power?
- You set up a chamber near shore
- Water pushes up and down. This moves air
- Air moves turbine slightly
- Profit (energy)
How do you generate tidal power?
- Put generators and turbines near shore
- Tide comes in, spins turbines
- Tide goes out, spins turbines
- Profit (for about 10-ish hours)
What is a biofuel?
They are natural fuel sources from living things.
What is bioplastic?
It is plastic made from starch so is biodegradable
What are the problems with biofuels and bioplastics?
- Producing both requires lots of land for plants
- Manufacturing and production creates greenhouse gases
What are the three types of biofuels?
- Biodiesel (made form plant oils)
- Bioethanol (made from sugar)
- Biogas (made from decomposing biomass)
Which direction is the earth spinning?
Anticlockwise
How much does the earth tilt?
It tilts 23.5 degrees.
Why is it hotter in the summer and colder in the winter?
In summer the sun is in the sky for longer and the rays are concentrated over a smaller area
Which planets can you see without a telescope?
Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn
and Earth technically
What are natural sattelites?
They’re natural objects which orbit the earth.
What are comets made of?
Dust and ice
What are meteors?
They’re rocks or particles of dust which burn up in earth’s atmosphere
What are meteorites?
They’re meteors which survived burning in the Earth’s atmosphere
What are artificial satellites?
They’re man-made objects which orbit the earth.
Which planets is the astroid belt between?
Mars and Jupiter
