science Flashcards
wind
what causes wind
the uneven heating of Earth’s surface by the sun causes temo differences in the air
define westerlites
30 degrees and 60 degrees latitudes north and south of the equator. Produces rain and snow when in the U.S.
Polar eastlies
between the poles, in u.s. produce snow and freezing weather
Define trade winds
very predictable winds, windy areas the equator 30 degrees south and 30 degrees north steady winds
what are the 2 factoes that produce Glogal winds
- Coriolis effect
- pressure belts
Jet streams
narrow belts of high- speeds winds that blow form west to east, between 7km and 16 km above the earth surface.
things that affect Local winds
water, cities , mountains and valleys, factory’s.
define local winds
are the movement of air over short distances
cold air causes what type of pressure
high
hot air causes what type of pressure
low.
big idea
air moves from areas of higher pressure towards areas of lower pressure.
define the Coriolis effect
curving path because of Earth’s rotation.
what is the ozone layer
an area in the stratosphere that contains high 0 3. It absorbs most of the suns ultraviolet radiaton,
things that hurt the ozone layer
Nitric oxide (NO) Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Bromine and Chlorine
define the green-house effect
its the process of certain gases in the atmosphere that give off inflared radiation. kind like forming a blanket our earth (trapping heat)
Greenhouse gases produced be humans
Carbon Dioxide
from burning fossil fuels, Methane from agriculture activity, Flurorinated gases from industry.
define temp
is a measure of average kinetic energy.
Thermal energy
is the total kinetic energy
Thermal expansion
increase in volume that results from an increase of temp
heat
the energy that is transferred between objects that are different temps.
what is radiation
the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves are produced by the motion of electrically charged particles.
what is convection
convection currents from as warm and cool matter rises and falls due to temp And density different.
what is condution
is the transfer of energy from one object or another thru direct contact.
what are the 2 types of energy
kinetic energy- energy in motion
potential energy- stored energy is the energy that an object has due to its position.
