Science Flashcards
What does STS stand for?
Science, Technology, and Society
What is the main focus of STS?
Interactions between science and technology in social, cultural, political, and economic contexts
What are the four aspects of science discussed in STS?
- Science as an idea
- Science as an intellectual activity
- Science as a body of knowledge
- Science as a personal and social activity
What period is referred to as the Scientific Revolution?
The early 16th century up to the 18th century in Europe
What significant invention contributed to the Scientific Revolution?
The printing machine
Who proposed the heliocentric model of the universe?
Nicolaus Copernicus
What is the title of Copernicus’s influential book published in 1543?
De revolutionibus orbium coelestium
What theory is Charles Darwin most famous for?
Theory of evolution
What groundbreaking work did Sigmund Freud contribute to psychology?
Psychoanalysis
What civilization is known for its astronomical advancements in Mesoamerica?
Maya civilization
What scientific advancements did the Inca civilization achieve?
- Roads paved with stones
- Stone buildings
- Irrigation systems
- Calendar with 12 months
- First suspension bridge
- Quipú for record-keeping
- Inca textiles
Which civilization is credited with mandatory education and the invention of the canoe?
Aztec civilization
What are some contributions of ancient India to science?
- Manufacturing iron
- Astronomy theories
- Development of mathematics
- Ayurveda as traditional medicine
What was the significance of Aryabhata’s work?
Introduced trigonometric functions and algorithms of algebra
What major inventions and discoveries are attributed to ancient Chinese civilization?
- Compass
- Papermaking
- Gunpowder
- Printing tools
- Acupuncture
Who is considered the Father of Optics in the Middle East?
Ibn al-Haytham
What contributions did ancient Egypt make to science?
- Geometry for building
- Advances in astronomy and mathematics
- Studies in human anatomy and pharmacology
Fill in the blank: Science is as old as the ______.
world itself
True or False: The Scientific Revolution only affected Europe.
False
What is the significance of the Scientific Revolution in human history?
Transformation of society and formulation of scientific ideas
What is the role of science in nation building as discussed in STS?
Advancement of science and technological capability of the country
What philosophical contributions did Sigmund Freud make?
Raised consciousness of psychological matters
What was the impact of the printing machine during the Scientific Revolution?
Facilitated the spread of scientific ideas and knowledge
What type of calendar did the Incas develop?
Calendar with 12 months
What is the significance of Copernicus’s model of the universe?
Placed the Sun at the center, challenging geocentric views
What fields were early scientific activities in Egypt focused on?
Astronomy, mathematics, and medicine
These activities aimed to improve the quality of life, particularly in building homes and cities.
What architectural rule was developed in ancient Egypt?
Rules of geometry for rectilinear structures
This included the post and lintel architecture.
What is alchemy considered to be the forerunner of?
Chemistry
Alchemy was a significant scientific pursuit in ancient Egypt.
What components were studied in ancient Egyptian medicine?
Examination, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis
These components were essential for treating diseases.
What types of calendars did Africans use?
Lunar, solar, and stellar
These calendars could be used individually or in combination.
What ancient practice was metallurgy associated with in Africa?
Metallurgy
Metallurgy was known in ancient African regions.
What artifact is considered the oldest known mathematical artifact?
The Lebombo Bone
It dates back to around 35,000 BCE and may have been used for multiplication, division, or as a lunar calendar.
What mathematical functions might the Lebombo Bone have been used for?
Multiplication, division, and simple mathematical calculation
It may also have served as a six-month lunar calendar.
True or False: Astronomy was not significant in ancient African regions.
False
Astronomy was a well-known field of study in Africa.
