Science

Question 1

What is the name of the female sex cell in humans?

Answer 1

Egg cells

Question 2

DNA

Answer 2

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Question 3

What are the two types of alleles?

Answer 3

Dominant and recessive

Question 4

What is a Phenotype?

Answer 4

The observable characteristics of an organism

Question 5

What is a Genotype?

Answer 5

The genetic makeup or combination of alleles

Question 6

What is a Homozygous Allele?

Answer 6

When both alleles match

Question 7

What can be used to predict the probability of offspring genotypes?

Answer 7

A Punnett Square

Question 8

What is a mutation?

Answer 8

An error in the DNA sequence.

Question 9

What is the difference between phenotype and genotype?

Answer 9

Phenotype refers to observable traits, while genotype refers to the genetic makeup.

Question 10

What is the general rule for alleles in hair and eye colour?

Answer 10

Darker colours are often more dominant

Question 11

What is the role of chromosomes in genetics?

Answer 11

They carry genes

Question 12

True or False: All mutations are harmful.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

True or False: Genetic variation is important for the survival of a species.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Fill in the blank: The segment of DNA that codes for a protein is called a __________.

Answer 14

Gene

Question 15

What is the difference between autosomes and sex chromosomes?

Answer 15

Autosomes are non-sex chromosomes, while sex chromosomes determine an individual’s sex.

Question 16

What is genetic engineering?

Answer 16

The manipulation of an organism’s DNA to achieve desired traits.

Question 17

True or False: Cloning produces genetically identical organisms.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

What does the term ‘allele’ refer to?

Answer 18

Different forms of a gene.

Question 19

True or False: The environment can influence the expression of genes.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What is the function of a cell membrane?

Answer 20

The cell membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 21

What is the function of a nucleus of a cell?

Answer 21

The nucleus contains DNA (chromosomes)

Question 22

What is a Heterozygous Allele?

Answer 22

When the alleles don’t match

Question 23

What is the effect of increasing concentration on the rate of a chemical reaction?

Answer 23

Increasing concentration increases the rate of reaction

Question 24

Are catalysts consumed in a chemical reaction?

Answer 24

No

Question 25

What is the rate of reaction?

Answer 25

It is the speed of a chemical reaction

Question 26

How do catalysts speed up chemical reactions?

Answer 26

They provide an alternate pathway with a lower activation energy

Question 27

How does surface area affect the rate of reaction?

Answer 27

Increasing surface area increases the rate of reaction because more reactant particles are exposed to the acid and there are more frequent collisions

Question 28

What is the relationship between temperature and rate of reaction?

Answer 28

Higher temperatures generally increase the rate of reaction.

Question 29

What happens to the rate of reaction when the temperature is decreased?

Answer 29

The rate of reaction typically decreases.

Question 30

What is the term for the minimum energy required for a reaction to occur?

Answer 30

Activation energy

Question 31

True or False: Increasing the temperature always leads to an increase in the rate of reaction.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Fill in the blank: The _____ of a solid reactant can be increased by grinding it into a powder.

Answer 32

surface area

Question 33

Describe the effect of concentration on the frequency of collisions between reactant particles.

Answer 33

Higher concentration increases the frequency of collisions.

Question 34

What is a Catalyst?

Answer 34

A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a reaction without being consumed in the process

Question 35

Control Variable

Answer 35

A variable that is kept the same

Question 36

Independent Variable

Answer 36

The variable that is changed to see its effect

Question 37

Dependent Variable

Answer 37

The variable that is measured and used for results

Question 38

What is a gene?

Answer 38

A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or set of proteins.

Question 39

True or False: Alleles are different versions of the same gene.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

Fill in the blank: The physical expression of a gene is known as its __________.

Answer 40

phenotype

Question 41

Which of the following is an example of a homozygous genotype? A) Aa B) AA C) Ab

Answer 41

B) AA

Question 42

What do we call the alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation?

Answer 42

Alleles