science Flashcards
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static electricity
an imbalance of electric charges within or on the surface of a material
law of conservation of charge
in a closed system, the total electric charge always remains constant.
conductor
an object or type of material that allows the flow of charge.
insulator
a substance which does not readily allow the passage of heat or sound.
charging by contact
contact of a charged object to a neutral object.
charging by induction
a charged object is brought close to but does not touch the conductor.
electric current
a flow of charged particles, such as electrons or ions.
voltage difference
difference in electric potential between two points.
circuit
A circuit is a complete circular path that electricity flows through.
resistance
opposition to the flow of electric current.
ohms law
V = IR, where V = voltage, I = current, and R = resistance.
serious circuit
any electrically conducting pathway comprising an electric circuit along which the whole current flows through each component.
parrallel circuit
an electrical path that branches so that the current divides and only part of it flows through any branch.
electric power
the rate of transfer of electrical energy within a circuit.
wet cell battery
Wet cell batteries enable high power outputs, and rapid discharge as the free flow of electrolytes facilitates high currents.
dry cell battery
A dry cell is a type of electric battery, commonly used for portable electrical devices. Unlike wet cell batteries, which have a liquid electrolyte.
fuse
A fuse is a safety device in an electric plug or circuit.
circuit breaker
A circuit breaker is an electrical safety device designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by current in excess of that.
watts
the SI unit of power, equivalent to one joule per second, corresponding to the power in an electric circuit in which the potential difference is one volt and the current one ampere.
amperes
the SI base unit of electrical current.
