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Science Flashcards

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1
Q

What is our solar system

A

A system of a sun and that movie around it call planet and the galaxy and Milky Way

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2
Q

How many planets are there?

A

8 , sun, mercury,Venus, earth, mars Jupiter,Saturn, Uranus,Neptune

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3
Q

What is the universe made of

A

Dark matter and dark energy and black holes dust

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4
Q

how did the universe happen

A

It started with the Big Bang

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5
Q

How big is the universe

A

Approximately 93 billion light years in diameter

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6
Q

What space

A

The empty between objects and the universe

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7
Q

What galaxy

A

gas and dust and solar system

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8
Q

How long dose it take for the galaxy and the Milky Way to rotate

A

It take 250 million years to rotate

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9
Q

What is a andromeda.

A

Andromeda is our neatest neighbouring galaxy it is 2.537 million light years year away

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10
Q

What are stars

A

ball of gas hydrogen helium heat and light

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11
Q

What is sun called

A

Our sun is a small star called sol

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12
Q

What other stars types are there

A

White dwarf, supergiant, red dwarf, black hole

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13
Q

The life of a star what is it

A

Stars are born when a nebula is pulled together to that it ignites

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14
Q

Mean of hydrogen

A

It is the fuel new atomic nucleus are formed

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15
Q

When a new stars is stabled for a billion year

A

It is called yellow dwarf bigger hotter stars have shorter lives

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16
Q

When it runs out of fuel the star

A

Cools and expands become a red giant

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17
Q

Inner core collapses and forms

A

A white dwarf

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18
Q

The white dwarf eventually run out of fuel and become

A

A black dwarf the universe isn’t old enough for this to happen yet

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19
Q

What are constellations

A

Group of stars which we have grouped like join the dots

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20
Q

An object orbiting a star with enough gravity to make itself sphere

A

This means it must be a minimum size it must dominate it environment

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21
Q

How many moons dose mercury have

A

It has no moons

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22
Q

How many moons dose Venus have

A

It has no moons

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23
Q

How many moons dose earth have

A

It has one moons

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24
Q

How many moons have mars

A

Mar has 2 mooons

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25
Q

How many moons dose Jupiter have

A

It has 95 moons

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26
Q

How many moons has Saturn

A

It has 146

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27
Q

How many moons has Uranus

A

It has 27 moons

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28
Q

Neptune has

A

16 moons

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29
Q

Who has the one big moon

A

Pluto has one big moon and 4 other

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30
Q

Pluto is smaller than

A

Our moon luna

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31
Q

Charon is quite big in comparison to

A

Pluto

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32
Q

Charon affects the movement of

A

Pluto in a big way see it wobble

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33
Q

Pluto is not dominating its

A

Evironment

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34
Q

What is asteroids

A

Giants rocks that orbit the sun not planets millions of them in the asteroid belt between mars and Jupiter

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35
Q

Ceres and vest are the

A

Largest asteroid in our solar system’s

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36
Q

Eros anther one in

A

The Kuiper Belt

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37
Q

What are meteors and meteors

A

Rocks the burn up in the earths atmosphere making a shooting stars trail behind them many land on earth as rocks called. Meteors

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38
Q

You can find micrometer in dust in your drainpipe

A
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39
Q

What are black holes

A

When giants stars die they collapse into them selves because of their own gravity this point of extreme density and gravity is a black hole

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40
Q

Not even light can

A

Escape the hug gravity the centrel of most galaxies is a supermassive ball hole

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41
Q

The Big Bang theory

A

The Big Bang theory is how physicists explain in the origin of the universe

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42
Q

The Big Bang theory began

A

14 billion years ago all of space and matter and energy were together in a single tiny extremely hot point

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43
Q

The Big Bang theory

A

This point exploded and created all matter and space and energy the universe expanded and cooled and is still experiencing all matter and energy in space has developed from that point

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44
Q

The earth is

A

Life has existed for 4 billion years years
5 billion years old the. Dinosaurs existed 200 million years ago years ago-64 million years ago humans have existed for less then 250,000 years the current version or human that we are might only be less than 60,000 years old

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45
Q

What cause nigth and day

A

Are due to the earth rotating on its axis

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46
Q

Why is it nigth time in Australia when it is daytime inn Ireland

A

Cause Australia is on the other side of Ireland

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47
Q

What cause the season

A

The earth spin axis is tilted with respect to its orbit

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48
Q

Are we nearer to the sun in the summer or further away

A

Its nearest stellar neighbour is the alpha centaur triple star system

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49
Q

Where dose the light form the moon come from

A

The moon form during a collision between the earth and another small planet about the size of the planet mars

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50
Q

What are the phases of the moon and why do they occur

A

Caused by the changing position of the moon earth and sun

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51
Q

What are eclipse is there more than one type

A

Cause by the changing position of the moon and earth and the sun yes

52
Q

How old is the earth

A

4.543 billion years

53
Q

How big is the moon

A

Me as diameter 3,475km earth diameter 2,742 km what is the ratio of these number is the for a moon

54
Q

How dense is the moon

A

3.34cm3 earth density 5.514 gcm3 earth weight 81 times more than the moon what does the answer suggest about what the moon is made of

55
Q

Earth orbit around the sun our models is tired at an angle of

A

23° for vertical because the earth rotates at this angle

56
Q

Why dose the wrath rotates at this angle why

A

When it was very young as a planted about 4.5 BYA the solar system was a messy place full of wandering debris

57
Q

The earth was Lilly hit by a large object called a

A

Pronto planet

58
Q

This cause the axis to tilt and cause a mass ejection of matter which eventually gathered to from the moon

A
59
Q

What is analemma

A

It is if the sun at mid day throughout the years the orbits of the earth tilt the axis

60
Q

What is a eclipses

A

Occur when one planetary body blocks the view of another one

61
Q

What do the solar eclipses

A

When the moon passes between the sun and the earth and blocks the view of the moon

62
Q

What are lunar eclipse

A

When the earth passes between the sun and the moon and blocks the sun light from the moon

63
Q

Solar eclipse types

A

Umbra where there is total shadowing total eclipse penumbra where there is parties shadowing partial eclipse

64
Q

Partial solar eclipse

A

When the sun is partly covered by the moon

65
Q

Total solar eclipse

A

When the sun is fully covered by the sun

66
Q

Annular solar eclipse

A

A total eclipse when the moon is further away from the earth so dose not fully cover the sun

67
Q

Lunar eclipse

A

A penumbra lunar eclipse when the moon enters the penumbra only

68
Q

All partial lunar eclipse

A

When some of the moon enter the umbra

69
Q

A total lunar eclipse

A

When all of the. Moon enters the umbra

70
Q

Why don’t eclipses happen every month

A

The moon wobbles around the earth it’s orbit is at an angle of about 5 degrees above or below the equator

71
Q

Surface of the moon

A

Moon has no atmosphere and no tectonic movement

72
Q

Sea these are ancient lava plains from when the moon still has a molten core

A
73
Q

Plate tectonic

A

Is the movement of the earth crust

74
Q

Seismology meaning

A

Is the study of the earth quakes and volcanoes are cause by plate tectonics

75
Q

Seismograph meaning

A

Used to measure this movement

76
Q

The richter scale meaning

A

Is a logarithmic scale used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake

77
Q

Ingredients rock meaning

A

When lava or magma cool it forms this rock

78
Q

Sedimentary rock meaning

A

Formed by layers rock particles plans and animals deposited over millions of of years

79
Q

Metamorphic rock

A

When igneous or sedimentary rocks are changed by huge heat

80
Q

Acids have a

A

Sour taste

81
Q

Acids turn

A

Blue litmus red

82
Q

Acids have a

A

Ph below 7

83
Q

Everyday acids

A

Lemons and oranges

84
Q

Lad acids

A

Hhdrochloric acids also stomach acids

85
Q

Bases are the

A

Opposite to acids

86
Q

Bases turn

A

Red litmus blue

87
Q

An alkali is a

A

Bases which is soluble in water

88
Q

Every day base

A

Toothpaste and calcium bread soda and bleach

89
Q

Lab bases

A

Sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide and lime water

90
Q

Bases and acid can

A

Chang colour and litmus and universal indicator

91
Q

The ph scale

A

Is use to measure the strength of acids and bases

92
Q

Bases is above 7 and acids have a ph of below 7

A
93
Q

The oh scale is

A

Logarithmic it increases by factor of 10 ph 6 in 10 time more acidic than ph 7

94
Q

Neutralisation

A

When an acid is mixed with a base they cancel each other out and form a salt and water acid +base -salt +water

95
Q

Acid + base

A

Hhdrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide +water

96
Q

Acid + carbonate

A

When the base is a carbonate like linestone

97
Q

Types of motion

A

Movement left to right up and down

98
Q

What have all movement got in common

A

Variables distance time speed

99
Q

Distance is measured In

A

Metres

100
Q

Time is measured in

A

Second

101
Q

Speed is measured in

A

Meters per second

102
Q

These are scalar quantities they have a magnitude size but no direction

A
103
Q

What is velocity

A

Is speed in a given direction

104
Q

What is displacement

A

Is the distance an object travels in a certain direction

105
Q

These are vector quantities they have a direction

A
106
Q

Speed is

A

The distance travelled by an object in a unit of time the sl unit of speed is metres per second

107
Q

Calculating speed

A

Cover the quantity you are looking for on the triangle to work out the formula

108
Q

Speed calculation if a car travels a distance of 400 km in 6 hours find its speed

A

Speed = distance = 400 = 66.7 km/h time 6

109
Q

What is velocity

A

Velocity is the speed of a body and the direction in which it is moving e.g boats and planes

110
Q

What is acceleration

A

Is the change in speed divided by the time taken for the change

111
Q

What is deceleration

A

The is when a body is slowing down negative acceleration on a graph

112
Q

Accelerating objects

A

Curved line show if an object is accelerating or decelerating the steeper the line get the faster the object is moving

113
Q

What is forces

A

Is something that cause an object to accelerate or change velocity force is measured in newton a force has many effect it can change the speed direction shape or size of an object

114
Q

Types of force

A

Pulling pushing stretching weight

115
Q

Contact forces

A

Two object need to be in contact for these forces to occur

116
Q

Non contact forces

A

The two objects do not have to be in contact for these forces to occur

117
Q

Friction. is a force that oppose motion between two objects in contact advantages and disadvantages of friction

A
118
Q

Lubrication

A

Is reducing the friction between surfaces by applying Sol or grease to them

119
Q

Weight

A

Of an object is the force of gravity on it weight n = mass kg x 10

120
Q

To earth Magnetic field

A

The earth acts like there is a giant magnet in it centre giving it a magnetic field so a freely hanging magnet will settle in a north south direction its South Pole face north and it is not directly in line with geographical north

121
Q

Explain what is measured by a light year

A

It travel in one year

122
Q

Mass v weight

A

Mass on earth = 70 kg weight on earth = 70 kg x 10 = 700n mass on moon = 70kg weight on earth = 700 = 116.7 n 6

123
Q

Conclusion

A

The straight line graph shows that extension increases are the force is increased say that the applied force is directly proportional to the extension

124
Q

Hooked law

A

The extension of an elastic material is directly proportional to the force that is stretching it

125
Q

Air resistance

A

This is the force applied by air acts against the velocity of a moving odject

126
Q

Relationship between force mass and acceleration

A

Force = mass acceleration this can be calculated if you know the measurement ment involved

127
Q

Botany

A

This is solar to air. Resistance but liquids are much more dense than air and create much greater resistance to reacts pushing through them

History Reformation (9 decks)

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