Geography

Question 1

What are waves

Answer 1

Save are formed by the wind moving across the surface of the sea waves are cause By erosion transportation and deposition along our coastline

Question 2

The fetch is

Answer 2

The distance over which the wind blows the faster the wind and the longer the fetch the bigger the waves

Question 3

What is the swash

Answer 3

The water that moves up the shore is called the swash the swash carries sediment up the shore

Question 4

What is backslash

Answer 4

The water that moves back down the shore is called backswash the backswash carries sediment back down the shore

Question 5

What is constructive waves

Answer 5

Constructive waves have a strong swash and a weaker backswash constructive waves happen in clam weather and during summer moths when waves have less energy

Question 6

What is Destructive waves

Answer 6

Waves have a weaker swash and have a stronger backswash these waves happen in poor weather and during winter months when waves have more energy

Question 7

What are hydraulic action

Answer 7

Is the sheer force of waves pounding the coast rock and sand are removed by the force of waves on the coastline

Question 8

What are compressed air

Answer 8

Happened when air becomes trapped in cracks in the rock incoming waves compress air in the joints when the waves retreats the air

Question 9

What is abrasion

Answer 9

Is cause when pebbles stone and rocks are dashed against the coast by waves this breaks off pieces of rock from the coastline

Question 10

What is attrition

Answer 10

Is when pebbles and stones that are carried by the sea rub against each other as a result they become rounded and worn down eventually the rocks are broken down into fine sand

Question 11

What is solution

Answer 11

Happens when seawater which contains salt gradually dissolves rocks on the coastline

Question 12

What is transportation processes longshore drift

Answer 12

The sea transport sediment along a coat by the process of long shore drift waves approach the shore at an angle back down the beach at a right angle

Question 13

What is deposition processes

Answer 13

The sea deposits sand and shingles on a shore line whenever waves lose energy this happens when waves slow down .entering shallow water

Question 14

Cliffs cut platfor

Answer 14

Cliffs can be composed of rock and soil they are features of erosion explanation cliffs form when destructive waves erode the coast at high tide hydraulic action compressed air and abrasion erode a waves cut notch a waves cut platform develops at the base of the cliff sediment from the notch is transported and deposited below tide

Question 15

What is weathering

Answer 15

Is a process that cause rocks to be broken into smaller pieces over time weathering happens In situ in the place where a rock happens to be

Question 16

What is freeze thaw action

Answer 16

Or frost shattering occurs when rock breaks up because of repeated freezing of water and thawing of ice in upland areas upland areas tend to receive more rain than lowland areas

Question 17

2 in freeze thaw action

Answer 17

Rain water gather in the joints (cracks) in the rock burning winter the temperature fall below freezing point this water and expands by about 10 per cent

Question 18

3in freeze thaw action

Answer 18

The expansion of the ice places pressure on the joints in the rock causing them to widen slightly

Question 19

4 in freeze thaw action

Answer 19

When the water thaws it lies deeper in the joints the next time the water freezes the joints widen eve more

Question 20

5 in freeze thaw action

Answer 20

Over time the rock breaks and collapses into smaller pieces of rock called scree can be found on the sides of many mountains such as the great sugarloaf in co. Wicklow

Question 21

Chemical weathering carbonation

Answer 21

Carbonation is a chemical weathering process it is the process of rock being dissolved by a weak carbonic acid limestone is particularly affect by acid rain because of its characteristic

Question 22

Factor affecting mass movement water content

Answer 22

A higher water content makes the screw heavier and acts as a lubricant soil patches separate and move downhill more easily

Question 23

Soil creep

Answer 23

Is the slow movement of soil downslope

Question 24

What is big burst

Answer 24

When peat become saturated with rainwater bog hurts occur in upland areas where wet heavy peat moves quickly downslope the moving peat can destroy everything in it path

Question 25

What water

Answer 25

Separate soil particles and makes them flow more easily

Question 26

Describe how to prevent mass movement

Answer 26

Planting vegetation reduces movement because roots bin the soil together improving drainage building retaining walls

Question 27

What is glacial processes

Answer 27

Glaciers are rives of ice that erode transport and deport semdiment

Question 28

What is meltwater erosion

Answer 28

As ice melts huge volumes of water flow off glaciers some time water get trapped behind black of ice it bursts forward and erodes the landscape

Question 29

Deposited of glaciton

Answer 29

Their sediment on the landscape Greenland and Antarctica are sill co weed with ice sheets and valley

Question 30

What is fishing

Answer 30

Modern fishing boat are large super trawlers they can catch and store large quantities of fish sonar make it easier and to locate fish large net such as gill net can catch greater amounts of fish modern fishing methods catch more fish they include drift netting purse dining and trawling these nets catch everything in their path

Question 31

What is forestry

Answer 31

Collet produces 25 million seedlings from 12 different tree species each year are planted by collier and remainder is sold to other forestry companies Sitka spruce is the main variety grown over 2 million tons of timber products are produced and sold globally