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1st Midterm Exam > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

1
Q

A group of organs working together to distribute blood, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and hormones

A

Circulatory System

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2
Q

It is confined in blood vessels and has blood for its circulating fluid

A

Closed Circulatory System

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3
Q

It is not enclosed in a tube or vessel and has Hemolymph for its circulating fluid

A

Open Circulatory System

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4
Q

The circulating fluid in the open

A

Hemolymph or Interstitial fluid

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5
Q

Another name for RED blood cells

A

Erythrocytes

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6
Q

It transports oxygen and carbon dioxide and adds additional space for hemoglobin

A

Blood

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7
Q

Another name for WHITE blood cells

A

Leukocytes

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8
Q

It has granules in the cytoplasm

A

Granulocytes

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9
Q

It does not have granules in the cytoplasm

A

Agranulocytes

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10
Q

It aids in allergic reaction

A

Basophil

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11
Q

Assists in regulating parasitic infection & allergic reaction

A

Eosinophil

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12
Q

Helps in fighting bacterial and fungal infections

A

Neutrophil

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13
Q

Responsible for viral infection and adaptive immunity

A

Lymphocyte

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14
Q

Fight chronic infections and belongs to the innate immunity

A

Monocyte

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15
Q

Refers to cell fragments responsible for blood clotting

A

Platelets

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16
Q

Another name for Platelets

A

Thrombocytes

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17
Q

Liquid component of the blood

A

Plasma

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18
Q

Pumps blood through the network of arteries and veins

A

Heart

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19
Q

It prevents backflow back into the chamber

A

Valve

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20
Q

Blood that is rich in oxygen

A

Oxygenated Blood

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21
Q

Blood that is poor in oxygen

A

Deoxygenated Blood

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22
Q

5 Oxygenated Blood Pathway

A

Pulmonary Vein -> Left Atrium ->
Mitral Valve - Left Ventricle ->
Aortic Valve -> Aorta

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23
Q

6 Deoxygenated Blood
Pathway

A

Superior Vena Cava/Inferior Vena Cava -> Right Atrium - Tricuspid
Valve -> Right Ventricle ->
Pulmonary Valve -> Pulmonary
Artery

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24
Q

Refers to the movement of air into and out of the lungs

A

Breathing

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25
Q

Refers to the gas exchange occurs between the alveoli of the lungs and blood

A

External Respiration

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26
Q

Refers to the gas exchange occurs between the blood and cells

A

Internal Respiration

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27
Q

Refers to the transports 02 and CO2 in the blood

A

Transport of Respiratory
Gases

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28
Q

Refers to a group of specialized
organs dedicated to the exchange of
oxygen and carbon dioxide

A

Respiratory System

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29
Q

The chambers of the internal nose

A

Nasal Cavity

30
Q

Refers to the first entry of inhaled air

A

Nostrils

31
Q

It traps microorganisms in the inhaled air

A

Vestibule Region

32
Q

Refers to which sweeps foreign particles out

A

Cilia

33
Q

It warms and moistens the inhaled air

A

Respiratory Region

34
Q

Where olfaction happens

A

Olfactory Region

35
Q

A common chamber for the inhaled air
and ingested food

A

Pharynx

36
Q

It serves only as a passageway for air

A

Nasopharynx

37
Q

Both air and ingested food pass through

A

Oropharynx

38
Q

connects to the larynx and the esophagus

A

Laryngopharynx

39
Q

prevents food and drink from entering your windpipe

A

Epiglottis

40
Q

Contains the voice box in our bodies

A

Larynx

41
Q

A structure that pulls in air from the upper respiratory system

A

Lower Respiratory Tract

42
Q

The main airway to the lungs

A

Trachea

43
Q

The type of cartilage that supports the trachea

A

C-type Cartilage

44
Q

Conducts air to bronchioles

A

Bronchi

45
Q

Conducts air to alveoli

A

Bronchioles

46
Q

The actual site of gas exchange

A

Alveoli

47
Q

Refers to oxygen bound to hemoglobin

A

Oxyhemoglobin

48
Q

Refers to carbon dioxide bound to hemoglobin

A

Carbaminohemoglobin

49
Q

Refers to the one responsible for gas exchange between the air we breathe and our bodies

A

Lungs

50
Q

A type of Diffusion used by Single
Celled Organisms

A

Direct Diffusion

51
Q

A type of diffusion of gases occur across the skin surface

A

Cutaneous respiration

52
Q

Refers to the one that increases the surface area for gas exchange

A

Gills filaments

53
Q

A mechanism where blood and water flow in opposite direction

A

Countercurrent Exchange

54
Q

Where blood and water flow in same
Direction

A

Concurrent exchange

55
Q

Refer to the openings in the abdomen of insects

’

A

Spiracles

56
Q

A branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation and heredity in organism

A

Genetics

57
Q

A process by which genetic information is passed on from parents to child

A

Inheritance

58
Q

Any difference between cells, individual organisms or groups of organism of any species

A

Variation

59
Q

The functional unit of heredity; a section of DNA that codes for a specific trait

A

Genes

60
Q

Refers to the genetic makeup of an organism

A

Genotype

61
Q

Refers to the physical appearance of an organism

A

Phenotype

62
Q

Refers to having two identical alleles of a particular gene

A

Homozygous

63
Q

Refers to having two different alleles of a particular gene

A

Heterozygous

64
Q

Both genes are the same and dominant

A

Homozygous Dominant

65
Q

Both genes are the same and recessive

A

Homozygous Recessive

66
Q

Both genes are different from one another

A

Heterozygous Dominant

67
Q

Refers to a tool that helps identify possible allelic combinations

A

Punnet Square

68
Q

Refers to a traits that does not follow Mendel’s Laws

A

Non Mendelian Inheritance

69
Q

Refers to an expression of a trait that is in between the dominant and recessive trait

A

Incomplete Dominance

70
Q

Refers to an expression of both traits equally in heterozygous genotype

A

Codominance

71
Q

Refers to traits that are linked to the sex chromosomes

A

Sex Linked Inheritance

72
Q

Refers to traits with multiple versions of a gene

A

Multiple Alleles

1st Midterm Exam (11 decks)

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