Science Flashcards
Degradative pathway
Series of chemical reactions that breaks down a complex molecule
Metabolic pathway
Series of connected chemical reactions that feed one another
Used to predict states of substances under certain combinations of temperature and pressure
Phase diagram
Intensive properties
Depends only on the type of matter in a sample and not on the amount. Examples are color, temperature and solubility
Extensive property
Depends on the system size or the amount of matter in the system.
Volume, energy and mass
Mineral resorption is the breakdown of
Bone
Blood vessels in bones
Travel in volksmann’s canals
Lacunae contain
Osteocytes
Lacunae connect to each other within an osteon by way of
Canaliculi
Blood vessels in bones are found within which canals?
Haversian and Volksmann’s canals
Blood vessels travel within the ____ ______ of an osteon
Center lamellae
Canaliculi contain
Thin projections of osteocytes instead of blood vessels
Attaches muscle to bone
Tendon
Periosteum
Outer covering of bone
Ligament
Tough connective tissue that attaches bone to bone
Cartilage protects
Bone in articulating joints
What does a phase diagram show?
The temperature and pressures of which various states of matter of a substance exist
What is the critical point of a substance?
Temperature and pressure where there is no distinction between gas and liquid
Correlations
Linked data trends that are not causal
Empirical data
Observations gathered with senses or technology
Purpose of double blind experiments
Decrease influence of researcher and subject bias
Intensive properties
Depends only on the type of matter in a sample and not the amount
Monohybrid cross
Cross between parents heterozygous at one specific gene
3:1 phenotype
Transcription producing mRNA occurs within
Cell nucleus
Viral DNA that has been inserted into the host DNA would be found in which place
Nucleus
When would a human zygote contain 47 chromosomes instead of 46 chromosomes
Improper separation during meiosis
Even when it’s not contained, water will keep both its shape and density in which of the following states
Solid
What affects an enzyme’s ability to work as a catalyst?
Amount of substrate available
What happens during prophase?
- Chromosomes condense
- Centrosomes move to opposite ends
- Mitotic spindle starts to form
- Nuclear envelope breaks down
- Sisters chromatids appear
Which organelle is not involved in synthesis or packaging of proteins
Lysosomes
Genotype
Genetic makeup of an individual
Phenotype
Physical appearance of a trait formed by genetics and the environment
Dominant traits
Most powerful trait or the allele for that trait
Recessive traits
Traits that are masked if dominant alleles are also present. Refers to the allele for that trait
Meiosis
Makes haploid gametes in diploid organisms
Pure lines genetics
Parental generation. Abbreviated P
F1
Children of pure lines. First filial generation
Allele
Variant of a gene
Intensive vs. extensive properties
Intensive: don’t depend on the amount of substance, density, color, refractive index, temperature
Extensive: depend on the amount of substance, mass, volume, energy, entropy
Production of rRNA occurs in
Nucleolus
Transcription producing mRNA occurs within
Cell nucleus
Which factor affects an enzyme’s ability to work as acatalyst
Amount of substrate available
Immunoglobulin is a synonym for
Antibody
Interferon
A protein secreted by leukocytes when they are infected with viruses
Cytokines
Cell signaling molecules released primarily by helper t cells and macrophages. Certain cytokines activate cytotoxic t cells
Tubular reabsorption
The movement of useful material from filtrate back into the bloodstream
Renin
Enzyme released by the kidneys when reduced. Blood pressure is detected by baroreceptors in the aorta and carotid arteries
