Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Term 3 - Yr 10 > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

1
Q

How is electricity a form of energy?

A

movement of electrons between two points.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Identify some useful energy transfers involving electrical energy?

A

Kettles, microwaves and hairdryers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the difference between static electricity and current electricity?

A

Static electricity does not move, it stays in the same place. Current electricity is when an electrical charge is given a path to move through.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Explain what a conductor is:

A

Some electrons are free to leave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Explain what a insulator is:

A

Electrons are tightly held and cannot leave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is static electricity?

A

occurs when charges collect on a surface (insulators) and do not flow away immediately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

3 uses of static electricity:

A

Photo copying, powder-coating, theatres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why can statics electricity be dangerous?

A

Electric shock, fires or explosions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do electrons move through a conductor?

A

In an electrical current e.g copper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the difference between a series circuit and a parallel circuit?

A

A series circuit connects end to end in a loop. A parallel circuit components are connected side by side giving several different pathways.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Unit for current

A

amps (A)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is current?

A

Current is the flow of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is Ohm’s law?

A

In triangle V (voltage) on top, current (A) and resistance (R) on bottom.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Energy is carried by what?

A

Energy is carried by electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do you measure energy differences?

A

Voltmeter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does voltage measure?

A

Energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is power measured in?

A

Watts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is power?

A

Energy transferred in one second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is kilowatt hours?

A

The energy transferred by an appliance is measured in kilowatt hours or. KWH. 1 KWH is known as 1 unit of electricity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name three methods of controlling electric currents:

A

Switch, fuses, circuit breakers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Safety precautions for an electrical accident:

A

If you touch exposed wires your body becomes part of the circuit. Always disconnect the power in an emergency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What attraction and repulsion?

A

Opposite poles attract. Like poles repel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How do you tell if certain materials are magnetic / what happens inside of them?

A

Domains line up in series

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How does strength of magnetic feilds be changed?

A

increasing current, number of coils, and adding an iron core

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How are electricity and magnetism linked?

A

When an electrical charge flows in a wire, a magnetic field is formed around the wire.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Positive and negative things about electromagnets:

A

They can be turned on and off. Strength can be changed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What happens with non metal and metal elements?

A

Metal lose electrons to form positive ions (cations) and non-mental gain electrons to form negative ions ( anion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Define an ion:

A

An electrically charged atom or group of atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

List some lab rules:

A
  1. Hair up
  2. No running
  3. Safety glasses
  4. No food
  5. No water
30
Q

Describe Biology:

A

study of living organisms

31
Q

Describe Physics:

A

study of matter and energy

32
Q

Describe chemistry:

A

study of chemical reactions

33
Q

Why do elements gain or lose electrons?

A

So they can have a full valance or outer shell

34
Q

Formula for Hydrochloric acid:

A

HCL

34
Q

Formula for sulfuric acid:

A

H2SO4

35
Q

Formula for Nitric acid:

A

HNO3

36
Q

Why do elements combine in exact ratios to make electrically neutral compounds?

A

Result of the law of constant composition

37
Q

Define acids:

A

Compounds that release hydrogen ions when they dissolve in water

37
Q

List some properties of acids:

A
  • Low pH
    -Turn blue litmus red
37
Q

List some properties of bases:

A
  • High pH
    -Turn red litmus blue
38
Q

How much H+ ions are released from weak and strong acids?

A

Strong acids release lots of H+ ions, but weak acids only release a few

39
Q

Define bases:

A

Substance that mostly release hydroxide ions when they dissolve in water

40
Q

How much OH- ions are released from weak and strong bases:

A

Strong bases release a lot of OH-, but weak bases only release a few

41
Q

What is sulfuric, nitric, and hydrochloric acid into a combination:

A

Sulfate, nitrate, chloride

42
Q

Formula for calcium hydroxide:

A

Ca(OH)2

43
Q

Why do acids and bases react?

A

To neutralise eachother

43
Q

Formula for calcium carbonate:

A

CaCO3

44
Q

Describe the pH scale:

A

It runs from 0-14, with zero the most acidic and 14 the most alkali

44
Q

Define and indicator:

A

Natural dye that changes colour depending on whether it is placed in an acid or base

44
Q

What pH do neutral substances have?

A

pH 7

45
Q

What is the colour change in litmus in acid and base?

A

Acid - red
Base - Blue

46
Q

What is the colour change in an universal indicator in acid and base?

A

Base - blue
acid - red
neutral - green

47
Q

What is the colour change in phenolphthalein in acid and base?

A

Base - Pink
Acid - Clear

48
Q

How is the pH scale linked to the universal indicator?

A

The universal indicator is linked to the colours on the pH scale

49
Q

Describe a technique for making an indicator from a plant:

A

Red cabbage, smash, universal indicator

50
Q

What is salt a compound of?

A

Compound of metal ion and one or more non-metal ions ( not oxide )

51
Q

Are salts a neutral substance?

A

Yes, they can be formed during neutralisation reactions.

52
Q

How is water formed from H+ and OH- ions when acids neutralise bases?

A

The two combine to form water

53
Q

What is the general equation for neutralisation?

A

acid + base = salt + water

54
Q

What is the technique called for preparing salts in the library?

A

Neutralisation reaction

55
Q

Define reactants

A

Reactants are the starting substances that undergo a chemical change

56
Q

Define products

A

products are the substances that are formed as a result of the reaction

57
Q

What is reservered during chemical reactions

A

matter

58
Q

What is the point of balancing an equation?

A

law of conservation of mass is upheld

59
Q

What is the general equation for acid and metal carbonate neutralisation?

A

Acid+MetalCarbonate→Salt+Water+CarbonDioxide

60
Q

What is the collision theory?

A

For a reaction to occur between two substances, their particles must collide with each other.

61
Q

What is the effect of temperature on reaction rate using collision theory?

A

Higher temperatures speed up reactions by increasing collision frequency and energy.

62
Q

What is the effect of surface area on reaction rate using collision theory?

A

Increased surface area speeds up reactions because it allows more collisions between reactants.

63
Q

What is an alklai?

A

A base that is soluble in water

64
Q

What is an independant variable?

A

changes

65
Q

what is a dependant variable?

A

stays the same

Term 3 - Yr 10 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions