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Science Flashcards

1
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance made of only one type of atom

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2
Q

What is a compound?

A

They are different atoms that are chemically bonded

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3
Q

What does something being pure mean?

A

It means something that is made of one substance

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4
Q

What does something being impure mean?

A

It means when something is mixed with other atoms ,elements and compounds

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5
Q

Give some examples of mixtures?

A

-Rocks
-Squash
-Milk
-Sea water

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6
Q

What does something being a mixture?

A

Something that contains more than one substance that is not chemically bonded

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7
Q

What is a compound ?

A

Two or more atoms chemically bonded

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8
Q

What are the three states of matter?

A

Solid , Liquid and Gas

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9
Q

What does something insoluble mean ?

A

Something that cannot dissolve

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10
Q

What is a solute ?

A

A solid that can be dissolved

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11
Q

What is a solvent?

A

A liquid

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12
Q

What mixtures can be separated via filtration ?

A

Sand water, Rocks and water and finally orange pulp

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13
Q

What is a solution ?

A

When a solid has dissolved into a liquid

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14
Q

Name the start and end states for evaporation

A

Liquid -> Gas

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15
Q

Name the change of state when a gas becomes a liquid

A

Condensation

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16
Q

What is evaporation used to separate?

A

To separate a solid from a liquid

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17
Q

What is distillation used to separate?

A

To separate a mixture of solution with different boiling points

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18
Q

What three things can forces do to a moving object ?

A

Push , Pull , Twist

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19
Q

What effect does air resistance have on a falling object?

A

It slows objects down

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20
Q

What is chromatography ?

A

It is used to separate mixture of dyes

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21
Q

What two states of matter do particles touch their neighbours ?

A

Solid and Liquid

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22
Q

What unit is mass measured in ?

A

KG , G

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23
Q

What is mass ?

A

It measures how much stuff is in something

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24
Q

What is volume ?

A

How much space a solid has in it

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25
Q

What is density ?

A

How much space an object or substance takes up (its volume) in relation to the amount of matter in that object or substance (its mass)

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26
Q

What is the equation for density ?

A

g /cm cubed

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27
Q

What is the pH of an acidic solution less than?

A

7

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28
Q

What are the chemical properties of metals?

A

->React with oxygen to form a metal oxide
-> It dissolves in water to form an alkaline solution

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29
Q

What are the chemical properties of non -metals?

A

->React with oxygen to form a non - metal oxide
->It dissolves in water to form an alkaline solution

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30
Q

Name the vertical columns in the periodic table

A

Groups

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31
Q

Name the horizontal rows in the periodic table

A

Periods

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32
Q

Do metals or non-metals have a higher boiling points ?

A

Metal

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33
Q

What does unreactive mean?

A

They do not react with any solvents

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34
Q

What is a non - contact force ?

A

A force that does not need contact

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35
Q

What do opposite charges do ?

A

They attract

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36
Q

What do like charges do ?

A

They repel

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37
Q

What is a field ?

A

An area where a force is experienced

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38
Q

What is the smallest unit of matter ?

A

An atom

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39
Q

Name two charged subatomic particles

A

Proton and electrons

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40
Q

Why do atoms have no overall charge ?

A

Their field protects them

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41
Q

Name three components found in circuits

A

Switch , Cell and Metre

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42
Q

What is a current?

A

A flow of charge

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43
Q

What is this –M– ?

A

A motor

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44
Q

Give the units of currents

A

amps(A)

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45
Q

What is this –A–?

A

An ammeter

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46
Q

What is theory?

A

A description of how a system will behave

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47
Q

What is a model ?

A

A visual representation of a complicated concept

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48
Q

Name a circuit component you need for current to flow ?

A

Cell

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49
Q

The unit for resistance

A

Ohms ,Ω

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49
Q

What is a resistance ?

A

The force of repulsion

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50
Q

Define conductor of electric current ?

A

Where electrons can flow through

51
Q

Define insulator of electric current?

A

Where electrons are stopped from passing through

52
Q

The equation to find resistance

A

Voltage / Current

53
Q

The equation to find weight

A

Mass x Gravitational field strength

54
Q

What is a parallel circuit ?

A

Where the wires are parallel to onen2 ef another

55
Q

Hydrogen chloride

A

Hydrogen, Chlorine

56
Q

Lithium fluoride

A

Lithium , Fluorine

57
Q

What is a combustion reaction?

A

When a fuel reacts with oxygen to make carbon dioxide and water

58
Q

What happens to atoms in a chemical reaction?

A

They are re-arranged

59
Q

What is a ratio?

A

It shows how much of one thing there is compared to the other

60
Q

What is Mass ?

A

The amount of matter in an object

61
Q

What is the law of conservation of mass ?

A

The product is always equal to the mass of reactants

62
Q

The word equation for respiration

A

Glucose +Oxygen -> Carbon dioxide+ Water

63
Q

What type of reaction transfers energy to the surroundings?

A

Exothermic reaction

64
Q

What type of reaction transfers energy from the surroundings?

A

Endothermic reaction

65
Q

How to separate food colourings?

A

Chromatography

66
Q

How to separate insoluble fibre powder and water?

A

Filtration

67
Q

How to separate water and sugar?

A

Evaporation

68
Q

Where are metals found in the periodic table ?

A

The left side

69
Q

Is salt a compound or a mixture?

A

A compound

70
Q

What side of periodic table are metals found in?

A

The left side

71
Q

What are some physical properties of metals ?

A

-Malleable
-Ductile
- Good conductors of heat and electricity
-Shiny
- Tough and strong

72
Q

What are some physical properties of non-metals ?

A

-Brittle
-Bad conductors of heat and electricity
-Dull
-Weak

73
Q

Do Metals or Non-metals react more vigorously with acids?

A

Metals that are high up in the reactivity series, such as potassium, sodium, and calcium, react vigorously with acids

74
Q

Magnesium + Oxygen

A

Magnesium Oxide

75
Q

Calcium + Oxygen

A

Calcium Oxide

76
Q

Iron + Oxygen

A

Iron Oxide

77
Q

How does magnesium react with dilute acid?

A

Very vigorously

78
Q

How does zinc react with dilute acid?

A

It reacts steadily

79
Q

How does Iron react with dilute acid?

A

It reacts steadily

80
Q

How does lead react with dilute acid?

A

It reacts slowly

81
Q

How does copper react with dilute acid?

A

No reaction

82
Q

How does Gold react with dilute acid?

A

No reaction

83
Q

How does magnesium react with oxygen?

A

Burns vigorously

84
Q

How does zinc react with oxygen?

A

Burns less vigorously

85
Q

How does iron react with oxygen?

86
Q

How does lead react with oxygen?

A

Does not burn but forms a layer of oxide on surface

87
Q

How does copper react with oxygen?

A

Does not burn but forms a layer of oxide on surface

88
Q

How does Gold react with oxygen?

A

No reaction

89
Q

What is the unit of energy?

A

Joules , J

90
Q

Name some energy stores ?

A

-Nuclear
-Kinetic
-Chemical
-Elastic
-Thermal
-Magnetic
-Gravitational store

91
Q

What is kinetic energy ?

A

Energy of motion

92
Q

What is the unit energy ?

93
Q

What is the unit of temperature ?

94
Q

What is the average kinetic energy/speed of the particles?

A

Temperature

95
Q

What is thermal equilibrium?

A

When two object are at the same temperature

96
Q

What is the amount of stuff in a substance called ?

A

It is Mass

97
Q

What is something that requires different amount of energy to heat them?

98
Q

What is the energy equation ?

A

Energy = Mass x Specific heat capacity x temperature increase

99
Q

Describe what happens to the particles in a liquid when it is heated

A

The particles heated makes them energised and the move faster

100
Q

Describe insulators in terms of electrical circuits

A

When the electrical current can’t move freely though a wire

101
Q

What tiny subatomic particles can move freely in a metal wire ?

A

These are called electrons

102
Q

What is convection?

A

Convection is the process of transferring heat through air or liquid currents

103
Q

What is conduction?

A

The transfer of energy, such as heat or an electric charge, through a substance.

104
Q

What is the frequency of a wave ?

A

The frequency of a wave is the number of waves produced by a source each second.

105
Q

These types of waves can be dangerous. Used in sun tan beds and to kill bacteria in water

106
Q

These allow us to see

A

Visible light

107
Q

These waves are used to kill cancer cells

A

Radiation waves

108
Q

Used for cooking and satellite communication

109
Q

What is a random error?

A

An unexpected change that affects your results

110
Q

What is a systematic error ?

A

Something that consistently affects your results

111
Q

How can you measure a force

A

A newton metre

112
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy ?

A

Energy can’t be created or destroyed

113
Q

What is the equation of work?

A

Force X Distance

114
Q

What is the equation of power ?

A

Energy/Time

115
Q

What is a consumer?

A

An organism that consumes other organisms

116
Q

What is the first type of organism found in a food chain?

117
Q

What does the arrow represent in a food chain?

A

Energy being transferred

118
Q

Independent variable

A

It is a variable that stands alone and isn’t changed by the other variables you are trying to measure.

119
Q

Dependent variable

A

A dependent variable is what you measure in the experiment and what is affected during the experiment.

120
Q

Controlled variable

A

A control variable is anything that is held constant in a study to prevent it from interfering with the results

121
Q

Which element is a shiny, orange-brown element that is an excellent conductor of electricity?

122
Q

Which element is a brittle, yellow element that is used to make fertilisers?

123
Q

Which element is a shiny but brittle element that is used in fibre optic cables?

124
Q

Vertical columns in a periodic table

125
Q

Horizontal columns in a periodic table

Drama (8 decks)

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